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Japanese authors have identified two events that influenced the Japanese army's decision to invite a foreigner to improve their cryptology. The first was an incident during the Siberian Intervention. The Japanese army came into possession of some Soviet diplomatic correspondence, but their cryptanalysts were unable decipher the messages.
Analog of the Japanese Type B Cipher Machine (codenamed Purple) built by the U.S. Army Signal Intelligence Service Purple analog equipment in use. The "System 97 Typewriter for European Characters" (九七式欧文印字機 kyūnana-shiki ōbun injiki) or "Type B Cipher Machine", codenamed Purple by the United States, was an encryption machine used by the Japanese Foreign Office from February ...
JN-25 is the name given by codebreakers to the main, and most secure, command and control communications scheme used by the IJN during World War II. [10] Named as the 25th Japanese Navy system identified, it was initially given the designation AN-1 as a "research project" rather than a "current decryption" job.
Japanese Navy ORANGE cryptographic device captured by US Navy. In the history of cryptography, 91-shiki ōbun injiki (九一式欧文印字機, "System 91 Typewriter for European Characters") or Angōki Taipu-A (暗号機 タイプA, "Type A Cipher Machine"), codenamed Red by the United States, was a diplomatic cryptographic machine used by the Japanese Foreign Office before and during World ...
The first to break the cipher in history. John Joseph Rochefort US, made major contributions to the break into JN-25 after the attack on Pearl Harbor. Leo Rosen US, SIS, deduced that the Japanese Purple machine was built with stepping switches. Frank Rowlett US, SIS, leader of the team that broke Purple.
All the Japanese machine ciphers were broken, to one degree or another, by the Allies. The Japanese Navy and Army largely used code book systems, later with a separate numerical additive. US Navy cryptographers (with cooperation from British and Dutch cryptographers after 1940) broke into several Japanese Navy crypto systems.
JADE was the codename given by US codebreakers to a Japanese World War II cipher machine. The Imperial Japanese Navy used the machine for communications from late 1942 until 1944. JADE was similar to another cipher machine, CORAL, with the main difference that JADE was used to encipher messages in katakana using an alphabet of 50 symbols.
Because the Navy had more Japanese-speaking officers, much of the burden of translation fell onto the Navy. And because Japanese is a difficult language, with meaning highly dependent upon context, effective translation required not only fluent Japanese, but considerable knowledge of the context within which the message was sent. Evaluation ...