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Like other organs, the kidney is also known to regenerate completely in lower vertebrates such as fish. Some of the known fish that show remarkable capacity of kidney regeneration are goldfish, skates, rays, and sharks. In these fish, the entire nephron regenerates following injury or partial removal of the kidney. [citation needed]
The kidney is surrounded by tough fibrous tissue, the renal capsule, which is itself surrounded by perirenal fat, renal fascia, and pararenal fat. The anterior (front) surface of these tissues is the peritoneum, while the posterior (rear) surface is the transversalis fascia. The superior pole of the right kidney is adjacent to the liver.
Renal fibrosis is the result of failed kidney healing and associated with renal dysfunction, [206] but it was suggested that it might support survival of non-injured and partially injured nephrons. [207] Chronic kidney injury is characterized by fibrosis, scarring, and loss of tissue function. [48]
This illustration demonstrates the normal kidney physiology, including the Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT), Loop of Henle, and Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT). It also includes illustrations showing where some types of diuretics act, and what they do. Renal physiology (Latin renes, "kidneys") is the study of the physiology of the kidney.
The shape of the kidneys varies between reptiles due to variations of their body form. [8] The kidneys of snakes are elongated, cylindrical [53] [50] and lobulated. [52] Turtles and some lizards have urinary bladder [50] that opens into the cloaca [54] but snakes and crocodiles do not have it. [50]
It’s important to follow a doctor’s treatment plan and take steps to make healthy nutrition and lifestyle choices to aid in healing the body. All of this together will help expedite the ...
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