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In organic chemistry, alkylidene is a general term for divalent functional groups of the form R 2 C=, where each R is an alkane or hydrogen. [1] They can be considered the functional group corresponding to mono- or disubstituted divalent carbenes (known as alkylidenes), [2] or as the result of removing two hydrogen atoms from the same carbon atom in an alkane.
10 Explanatory notes. 11 References. ... but in these years very little was known about aromatic chemistry, ... C 6 H 5 CH 3 + H 2 → C 6 H 6 + CH 4.
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Also acid ionization constant or acidity constant. A quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution expressed as an equilibrium constant for a chemical dissociation reaction in the context of acid-base reactions. It is often given as its base-10 cologarithm, p K a. acid–base extraction A chemical reaction in which chemical species are separated from other acids and bases. acid ...
For example, (C 6 H 5)(CH 3) 2 C + is referred to as a "benzylic" carbocation. The benzyl free radical has the formula C 6 H 5 CH 2 •. The benzyl cation or phenylcarbenium ion is the carbocation with formula C 6 H 5 CH + 2; the benzyl anion or phenylmethanide ion is the carbanion with the formula C 6 H 5 CH − 2.
The ground state of methylene has an ionisation energy of 10.396 eV. It has a bent configuration, with H-C-H angle of 133.84°, [10] and is thus paramagnetic. (The correct prediction of this angle was an early success of ab initio quantum chemistry. [10]) However conversion to a linear configuration requires only 5.5 kcal/mol. [10]
H 2 O is a base because it accepts a proton from CH 3 COOH and becomes its conjugate acid, the hydronium ion, (H 3 O +). [ 9 ] The reverse of an acid–base reaction is also an acid–base reaction, between the conjugate acid of the base in the first reaction and the conjugate base of the acid.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to organic chemistry: Organic chemistry is the scientific study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and preparation (by synthesis or by other means) of carbon-based compounds, hydrocarbons, and their derivatives.