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The Boehm system for the clarinet is a system of clarinet keywork, developed between 1839 and 1843 by Hyacinthe Klosé and Auguste Buffet jeune.The name is somewhat deceptive; the system was inspired by Theobald Boehm's system for the flute, but necessarily differs from it, since the clarinet overblows at the twelfth rather than the flute's octave.
Oehler-system clarinet and Full-Oehler clarinet with bell mechanism to correct low E and F The Oehler system (also spelled Öhler ) is a system for clarinet keys developed by Oskar Oehler . Based on the Müller system clarinet, the system adds tone holes to correct intonation and acoustic deficiencies, notably of the alternately-fingered notes ...
This key system was first used on the clarinet between 1839 and 1843 by French clarinetist Hyacinthe Klosé in collaboration with instrument maker Louis Auguste Buffet. Their design introduced needle springs for the axles, and the ring keys simplified some complicated fingering patterns.
The main differences between the fingering systems of Boehm system clarinets and flutes are overblowing and key. The clarinet's second register is a twelfth above its lowest register, unlike the flute's which is an octave higher. The B ♭ clarinet is a transposing instrument, so a C on a clarinet is played as a B ♭ on the flute.
The Albert system refers to a system of clarinet keywork and fingering developed by Eugène Albert. In the United Kingdom, it is known as the simple system. It has been largely replaced by the Boehm system and Oehler system. Big Band musician Jimmy Dorsey used a clarinet outfitted with the Albert system.
The Mazzeo system is a key system for the clarinet invented by Rosario Mazzeo in the 1950s, [1] and is a modification of the Boehm system.Exclusive mass-production rights were given to the Selmer company, although only 13,000 were made.
A Reform Boehm clarinet looks similar to an original Boehm clarinet, although some brands or models exhibit some of these differences: The right-hand little finger C and E♭ keys have rollers as on a German clarinet. The register key is like the key on German clarinets, with the corresponding tone hole on the left side.
The invention of the alto clarinet has been attributed to Iwan Müller and to Heinrich Grenser, [2] and to both working together. [3] Müller was performing on an alto clarinet in F by 1809, one with sixteen keys at a time when soprano clarinets generally had no more than 10–12 keys; Müller's revolutionary thirteen-key soprano clarinet was developed soon after. [3]