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Geometric modeling is a branch of applied mathematics and computational geometry that studies methods and algorithms for the mathematical description of shapes.The shapes studied in geometric modeling are mostly two- or three-dimensional (solid figures), although many of its tools and principles can be applied to sets of any finite dimension.
3D curves — Example 01 3D curves — Example 02. Geometrical design (GD) is a branch of computational geometry. It deals with the construction and representation of free-form curves, surfaces, or volumes [1] and is closely related to geometric modeling. Core problems are curve and surface modelling and representation.
Examples of compass-only constructions include Napoleon's problem. It is impossible to take a square root with just a ruler, so some things that cannot be constructed with a ruler can be constructed with a compass; but (by the Poncelet–Steiner theorem ) given a single circle and its center, they can be constructed.
Namely, the measures should be taken with positive and negative signs in such a way that the sum of the signs of for all parts that enclose a given point is if belongs to , and otherwise. For example, the figure below (a) is easily divided into a square and a triangle, both with positive area; and a circular hole, with negative area (b).
Figure 1: The point O is an external homothetic center for the two triangles. The size of each figure is proportional to its distance from the homothetic center. In geometry, a homothetic center (also called a center of similarity or a center of similitude) is a point from which at least two geometrically similar figures can be seen as a dilation or contraction of one another.
Many hyperbolic lines through point P not intersecting line a in the Beltrami Klein model A hyperbolic triheptagonal tiling in a Beltrami–Klein model projection. In geometry, the Beltrami–Klein model, also called the projective model, Klein disk model, and the Cayley–Klein model, is a model of hyperbolic geometry in which points are represented by the points in the interior of the unit ...