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Simple mastectomy (or "total mastectomy"): In this procedure, the entire breast tissue is removed, but axillary contents are undisturbed. Sometimes the "sentinel lymph node"—that is, the first axillary lymph node that the metastasizing cancer cells would be expected to drain into—is removed. People who undergo a simple mastectomy can ...
The radical mastectomy was subsequently extended by a number of surgeons such as Sugarbaker and Urban to include removal of internal mammary lymph nodes. [20] [21] Eventually, this "extended" radical mastectomy was extended even further to include removal of the supraclavicular lymph nodes at the time of mastectomy by Dahl-Iversen and Tobiassen ...
Lumpectomy (sometimes known as a tylectomy, partial mastectomy, breast segmental resection or breast wide local excision) is a surgical removal of a discrete portion or "lump" of breast tissue, usually in the treatment of a malignant tumor or breast cancer. [1]
Level III refers to lymph nodes that are located over the pectoralis minor muscle and would require an intense procedure. Typically lymph nodes located in Levels I and II are removed with the axillary dissection. A mastectomy may also have to accompany this procedure in some cases depending on the patient. [2]
Lymphadenectomy, or lymph node dissection, is the surgical removal of one or more groups of lymph nodes. [1] It is almost always performed as part of the surgical management of cancer . In a regional lymph node dissection , some of the lymph nodes in the tumor area are removed; in a radical lymph node dissection , most or all of the lymph nodes ...
The 29-year-old country singer underwent "proactive" double mastectomy surgery after discovering she had the RAD51D gene mutation, placing her at higher risk for developing cancer.