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In mathematics, a quadratic function of a single variable is a function of the form [1] = + +,,where is its variable, and , , and are coefficients.The expression + + , especially when treated as an object in itself rather than as a function, is a quadratic polynomial, a polynomial of degree two.
Figure 1. Plots of quadratic function y = ax 2 + bx + c, varying each coefficient separately while the other coefficients are fixed (at values a = 1, b = 0, c = 0). A quadratic equation whose coefficients are real numbers can have either zero, one, or two distinct real-valued solutions, also called roots.
The roots of the quadratic function y = 1 / 2 x 2 − 3x + 5 / 2 are the places where the graph intersects the x-axis, the values x = 1 and x = 5. They can be found via the quadratic formula. In elementary algebra, the quadratic formula is a closed-form expression describing the solutions of a quadratic equation.
Quadratic programming (QP) is the process of solving certain mathematical optimization problems involving quadratic functions. Specifically, one seeks to optimize (minimize or maximize) a multivariate quadratic function subject to linear constraints on the variables. Quadratic programming is a type of nonlinear programming.
Gauss published the first and second proofs of the law of quadratic reciprocity on arts 125–146 and 262 of Disquisitiones Arithmeticae in 1801. In number theory, the law of quadratic reciprocity is a theorem about modular arithmetic that gives conditions for the solvability of quadratic equations modulo prime numbers. Due to its subtlety, it ...
Thomae's function: is a function that is continuous at all irrational numbers and discontinuous at all rational numbers. It is also a modification of Dirichlet function and sometimes called Riemann function. Kronecker delta function: is a function of two variables, usually integers, which is 1 if they are equal, and 0 otherwise.
The pair (V, Q) consisting of a finite-dimensional vector space V over K and a quadratic map Q from V to K is called a quadratic space, and B as defined here is the associated symmetric bilinear form of Q. The notion of a quadratic space is a coordinate-free version of the notion of quadratic form.
Quadratic programming, a special type of mathematical optimization problem; Quadratic growth, an asymptotic growth rate proportional to a quadratic function; Periodic points of complex quadratic mappings, a type of graph that can be used to explore stability in control systems; Quadratic Bézier curve, a type of Bézier curve