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The more specific term βίβλος biblos, which finds its way into English in such words as 'bibliography', 'bibliophile', and 'bible', refers to the inner bark of the papyrus plant. Papyrus is also the etymon of 'paper', a similar substance. In the Egyptian language, papyrus was called wadj (w3ḏ), tjufy (ṯwfy) [8]: 5 , or djet (ḏt).
Verso of papyrus 𝔓 37. A New Testament papyrus is a copy of a portion of the New Testament made on papyrus. To date, over 140 such papyri are known. In general, they are considered the earliest witnesses to the original text of the New Testament. [1] This elite status among New Testament manuscripts only began in the 20th century.
Bifolio from Paul's Letter to the Romans, the end of Paul's Letter to the Philippians and the beginning of Paul's Letter to the Colossians. Papyrus 46 (P. Chester Beatty II), designated by siglum 𝔓 46 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), is an early Greek New Testament manuscript written on papyrus, and is one of the manuscripts comprising the Chester Beatty Papyri.
Originally, there were believed to be eight manuscripts in the Chester Beatty collection containing portions of the Old Testament. However, what was believed to be two different manuscripts actually belonged to the same codex, resulting in a total of seven Old Testament manuscripts in the collection, all following the text of the Septuagint (an early Greek translation of the Old Testament).
New Testament papyri — written on papyrus and more ancient than minuscules; New Testament uncials — written in uncial script (i.e. all capital letters) also more ancient than minuscules; and, New Testament lectionaries — usually written minuscule (but some in uncial) letters and generally contemporary. Minuscule 481, Gospel of Luke 1:1-7a
Photo of ancient papyrus document, showing vertical and horizontal striations from the strips of pith of the papyrus plant. This list of papyri from ancient Egypt includes some of the better known individual papyri written in hieroglyphs, hieratic, demotic or in ancient Greek.
Among the roughly 2,000 Greek papyri are the famous fragments of the Gospel of John and Deuteronomy, the earliest surviving fragments of the New Testament and the Septuagint (Papyrus 957, the Rylands Papyrus iii.458) [4] [5] respectively; Papyrus 31, a fragment of a papyrus manuscript of the Epistle to the Romans; and Papyrus 32, a fragment of ...
Leningrad/Petrograd Codex text sample, portions of Exodus 15:21-16:3. A Hebrew Bible manuscript is a handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) made on papyrus, parchment, or paper, and written in the Hebrew language (some of the biblical text and notations may be in Aramaic).