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Gastroenteritis is the main reason for 3.7 million visits to physicians a year in the United States [1] and 3 million visits in France. [81] In the United States gastroenteritis as a whole is believed to result in costs of US$23 billion per year, [82] with rotavirus alone resulting in estimated costs of US$1 billion a year. [1]
In 1973, Ruth Bishop and colleagues described related viruses found in children with gastroenteritis. [ 5 ] In 1974, Thomas Henry Flewett suggested the name rotavirus after observing that, when viewed through an electron microscope , a rotavirus particle looks like a wheel ( rota in Latin) [ 155 ] [ 156 ] the name was officially recognised by ...
[3] [4] Called the father of human gastroenteritis virus research, Kapikian identified the first norovirus, initially called Norwalk virus, in 1972; and he and his colleagues at the National Institutes of Health identified the hepatitis A virus in 1973.
In 1823, William Prout discovered that stomach juices contain hydrochloric acid. [12] In 1833, William Beaumont published Experiments and Observations on the Gastric Juice and the Physiology of Digestion following years of experimenting on test subject Alexis St. Martin. In 1868, Adolf Kussmaul, a well-known German physician, developed the ...
Sapovirus is a genetically diverse genus of single-stranded positive-sense RNA, non-enveloped viruses within the family Caliciviridae. [1] [2] Together with norovirus, sapoviruses are the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis (commonly called the "stomach flu" although it is not related to influenza) in humans and animals.
Under two-year olds are particularly susceptible to adenovirus gastroenteritis by types 40 and 41, with type 41 being more common than type 40. [12] Some large studies have revealed type 40/41 adenovirus as one of the second most common causes of diarrhea in children in low and middle income countries ; the most common being rotavirus . [ 12 ]
Inflammation of the stomach by infection from any cause is called gastritis, and when including other parts of the gastrointestinal tract called gastroenteritis. When gastritis persists in a chronic state, it is associated with several diseases, including atrophic gastritis, pyloric stenosis, and gastric cancer.
Gastroenteritis caused by viruses may last one to two days. Most people recover easily from a short episode of vomiting and diarrhea by drinking clear fluids to replace the fluid that was lost and then gradually progressing to a normal diet.