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Caubère defines superbases as "bases resulting from a mixing of two (or more) bases leading to new basic species possessing inherent new properties. The term superbase does not mean a base is thermodynamically and/or kinetically stronger than another, instead it means that a basic reagent is created by combining the characteristics of several ...
With a pK a of 12.34 [4] for its conjugate acid in aqueous solution, 1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene is one of the strongest organic bases. However, it only absorbs protons slowly—hence the trade name. The high basicity is attributed to the relief of strain upon protonation and/or the strong interaction between the nitrogen lone pairs. [3]
Some non-aqueous solvents can behave as acids. An acidic solvent will make dissolved substances more basic. For example, the compound CH 3 COOH is known as acetic acid since it behaves as an acid in water. However, it behaves as a base in liquid hydrogen fluoride, a much more acidic solvent. [13]
For example, if the reaction equation had 2 H + ions in the product, then the "change" for that cell would be "2x" The fourth row, labeled E, is the sum of the first two rows and shows the final concentrations of each species at equilibrium. It can be seen from the table that, at equilibrium, [H +] = x.
In chemistry, an acid–base reaction is a chemical reaction that occurs between an acid and a base.It can be used to determine pH via titration.Several theoretical frameworks provide alternative conceptions of the reaction mechanisms and their application in solving related problems; these are called the acid–base theories, for example, Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory.
Acid–base extraction is a subclass of liquid–liquid extractions and involves the separation of chemical species from other acidic or basic compounds. [1] It is typically performed during the work-up step following a chemical synthesis to purify crude compounds [2] and results in the product being largely free of acidic or basic impurities.
a strong base used in organic synthesis Sodium hydroxide: strong base with many industrial uses; in the laboratory, used with acids to produce the corresponding salt, also used as an electrolyte: Sodium hypochlorite: frequently used as a disinfectant or a bleaching agent Sodium nitrite: used to convert amines into diazo compounds Sulfuric acid
In chemistry, the ECW model is a semi-quantitative model that describes and predicts the strength of Lewis acid–Lewis base interactions. Many chemical reactions can be described as acid–base reactions, so models for such interactions are of potentially broad interest.
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