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Sclerotherapy (the word reflects the Greek skleros, meaning hard) [1] is a procedure used to treat blood vessel malformations (vascular malformations) and also malformations of the lymphatic system. A medication is injected into the vessels, which makes them shrink.
Such treatment may allow normal blood flow to resume. It is a non-surgical medical procedure and is not nearly as invasive as debulking. Ultrasound guided foam sclerotherapy is the state of the art new treatment which could potentially close many large vascular malformations. [16] [17] Compression therapies are finding more use as of the last ...
Sclerotherapy is often used for telangiectasias (spider veins) and varicose veins that persist or recur after vein stripping. [ 43 ] [ 44 ] Sclerotherapy can also be performed using foamed sclerosants under ultrasound guidance to treat larger varicose veins, including the great saphenous and small saphenous veins.
The two main therapeutic approaches are variceal ligation and sclerotherapy. [ citation needed ] In cases of refractory bleeding, balloon tamponade with a Sengstaken–Blakemore tube may be necessary, or the use of a fully-covered esophageal self-expandable metallic stent , usually as a bridge to further endoscopy or treatment of the underlying ...
Venous insufficiency is the most common disorder of the venous system, and is usually manifested as either spider veins or varicose veins.Several treatments are available including endovenous thermal ablation (using radiofrequency or laser energy), vein stripping, ambulatory phlebectomy, foam sclerotherapy, laser, or compression.
Varicose veins and reticular veins are often treated before treating telangiectasia, although treatment of these larger veins in advance of sclerotherapy for telangiectasia may not guarantee better results. [18] [19] [20] Varicose veins can be treated with foam sclerotherapy, endovenous laser treatment, radiofrequency ablation, or open
Lymphatic malformations are benign slow-flow type of vascular malformation of the lymphatic system characterized by lymphatic vessels which do not connect to the normal lymphatic circulation.
Endoscopy also allows immediate therapeutic measures like argon plasma, coagulation, laser photocoagulation, sclerotherapy, or band ligation. [10] Besides physical examination and endoscopy, ultrasonography, radiographic images, CT and magnetic resonance imaging are helpful for detection of affected visceral organs. [6]