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High-temperature electrolysis schema. Decarbonization of Economy via hydrogen produced from HTE. High-temperature electrolysis (also HTE or steam electrolysis, or HTSE) is a technology for producing hydrogen from water at high temperatures or other products, such as iron or carbon nanomaterials, as higher energy lowers needed electricity to split molecules and opens up new, potentially better ...
The cycle can be performed with any source of very high temperatures, approximately 950 °C, such as by Concentrating solar power systems (CSP) and is regarded as being well suited to the production of hydrogen by high-temperature nuclear reactors, [102] and as such, is being studied in the High-temperature engineering test reactor in Japan.
The high temperature requirements and material constraints have limited the applications of the thermal decomposition approach. Other research includes thermolysis on defective carbon substrates, thus making hydrogen production possible at temperatures just under 1,000 °C (1,270 K; 1,830 °F).
In addition to the production of hydrogen and oxygen, an SOEC could be used to create syngas by electrolyzing water vapor and carbon dioxide. [27] Mega-watt scale SOEC have been installed in Rotterdam, using industrial waste heat to reach its operating temperature of 850°C . [28]
The high operating temperatures of HTGR reactors potentially enable applications such as process heat or hydrogen production via the thermochemical sulfur–iodine cycle. A proposed development of the HGTR is the Generation IV very-high-temperature reactor (VHTR) which would initially work with temperatures of 750 to 950 °C.
It is currently the least expensive method for hydrogen production available in terms of its capital cost. [16] In an effort to decarbonise hydrogen production, carbon capture and storage (CCS) methods are being implemented within the industry, which have the potential to remove up to 90% of CO 2 produced from the process. [16]
They focus on the need to limit global warming to 1.5 °C and prioritize the production, transportation and use of green hydrogen for heavy industry (e.g. high-temperature processes alongside electricity, [31] feedstock for production of green ammonia and organic chemicals, [8] as alternative to coal-derived coke for steelmaking), [32] long ...
The following articles relate to or are required for the production of hydrogen. ... High-pressure electrolysis; High-temperature electrolysis; Hofmann voltameter;