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Wales (Welsh: Cymru ⓘ) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is bordered by the Irish Sea to the north and west, England to the east, the Bristol Channel to the south, and the Celtic Sea to the south-west. As of 2021, it had a population of 3.2 million. [2]
The earliest known item of human remains discovered in modern-day Wales is a Neanderthal jawbone, found at the Bontnewydd Palaeolithic site in the valley of the River Elwy in North Wales; it dates from about 230,000 years before present (BP) in the Lower Palaeolithic period, [1] and from then, there have been skeletal remains found of the Paleolithic Age man in multiple regions of Wales ...
The mountainous areas of Wales are suited to sheep farming and this has led to an association of their meat with the country. [156] The mutton of Wales has been popular in the rest of the United Kingdom since the 16th century, [157] and by the end of the 20th century there were more than 11 million sheep in Wales. [156]
The total fertility rate (TFR) in Wales was 1.90 in 2011, [23] which is below the replacement rate of 2.1. The majority of births are to unmarried women (58 per cent of births in 2011 were outside marriage). [24] About one in 10 births (10.7 per cent) in 2011 were to foreign-born mothers, compared to 5.2 per cent in 2001. [25]
Caernarfon Castle (Welsh: Castell Caernarfon) is a medieval building in Gwynedd, north-west Wales.There was a motte-and-bailey castle in the town of Caernarfon from the late 11th century until 1283 when King Edward I of England began replacing it with the current stone structure.
Tourism in Wales makes up a significant portion of the Welsh economy and attracting millions of visitors each year. The tourism industry in Wales was worth around £5bn in 2017. The tourism industry also makes a significant contribution to the Welsh economy, supporting over 100,000 jobs and more than 8% of the Welsh workforce.
The Welsh (Welsh: Cymry) are an ethnic group and nation native to Wales who share a common ancestry, history and culture. [10] Wales is one of the four countries of the United Kingdom. The majority of people living in Wales are British citizens. [11] In Wales, the Welsh language (Welsh: Cymraeg) is protected by law. [12]
The mainland coastline, including Anglesey, is about 1,680 mi (2,704 km) in length. As of 2014, Wales had a population of about 3,092,000; Cardiff is the capital and largest city and is situated in the urbanised area of South East Wales. Wales has a complex geological history which has left it a largely mountainous country.