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Iron(III) oxide in a vial. Iron(III) oxide or ferric oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula Fe 2 O 3. It occurs in nature as the mineral hematite, which serves as the primary source of iron for the steel industry. It is also known as red iron oxide, especially when used in pigments.
The ferrite magnets are mainly low-cost magnets since they are made from cheap raw materials: iron oxide and Ba- or Sr-carbonate. However, a new low cost magnet, Mn–Al alloy, [38] [non-primary source needed] [44] [45] has been developed and is now dominating the low-cost magnets field.
Ferromagnetism is a property of certain materials (such as iron) that results in a significant, observable magnetic permeability, and in many cases, a significant magnetic coercivity, allowing the material to form a permanent magnet. Ferromagnetic materials are noticeably attracted to a magnet, which is a consequence of their substantial ...
Iron oxide and barium carbonate or strontium carbonate are used in manufacturing of hard ferrite magnets. [ 31 ] [ 32 ] The high coercivity means the materials are very resistant to becoming demagnetized, an essential characteristic for a permanent magnet.
Iron(II,III) oxide, or black iron oxide, is the chemical compound with formula Fe 3 O 4. It occurs in nature as the mineral magnetite . It is one of a number of iron oxides , the others being iron(II) oxide (FeO), which is rare, and iron(III) oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) which also occurs naturally as the mineral hematite .
[7] [8] With the exception of extremely rare native iron deposits, it is the most magnetic of all the naturally occurring minerals on Earth. [ 7 ] [ 9 ] Naturally magnetized pieces of magnetite, called lodestone , will attract small pieces of iron, which is how ancient peoples first discovered the property of magnetism.