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A nabothian cyst (or nabothian follicle) [1] is a mucus-filled cyst on the surface of the cervix. They are most often caused when stratified squamous epithelium of the ectocervix (portion nearest to the vagina) grows over the simple columnar epithelium of the endocervix (portion nearest to the uterus). This tissue growth can block the cervical ...
Cervical stenosis may be present from birth or may be caused by other factors: Surgical procedures performed on the cervix such as colposcopy, cone biopsy, or a cryosurgery procedure [3] Trauma to the cervix [3] Repeated vaginal infections [3] Atrophy of the cervix after menopause [3] Cervical cancer [1] Radiation [1] Cervical nabothian cysts
After menopause, the uterine structures involute and the functional squamocolumnar junction moves into the cervical canal. [17]: 41 Nabothian cysts (or Nabothian follicles) form in the transformation zone where the lining of metaplastic epithelium has replaced mucous epithelium and caused a strangulation of the outlet of some of the mucous glands.
The cause of CIN is chronic infection of the cervix with HPV, especially infection with high-risk HPV types 16 or 18. It is thought that the high-risk HPV infections have the ability to inactivate tumor suppressor genes such as the p53 gene and the RB gene, thus allowing the infected cells to grow unchecked and accumulate successive mutations, eventually leading to cancer.
The cervical canal is generally lined by "endocervical mucosa" which consists of a single layer of mucinous columnar epithelium. However, after menopause, the functional squamocolumnar junction moves into the cervical canal, and hence the distal part of the cervical canal may be lined by stratified squamous epithelium (conforming to a "type 3 transformation zone").
A corpus luteum cyst or luteal cyst is a type of ovarian cyst which may rupture about the time of menstruation, and take up to three months to disappear entirely. A corpus luteum cyst does not often occur in women over the age of 50, because eggs are no longer being released after menopause. Corpus luteum cysts may contain blood and other fluids.
A tunnel cluster, more formally tunnel cluster of the cervix and cervical tunnel cluster, is a benign group of dilated endocervical glands in the cervix. It is significant only in that it can be confused for a malignancy, i.e. cancer .
The vaginal epithelium is the inner lining of the vagina consisting of multiple layers of cells. [1] [2] [3] The basal membrane provides the support for the first layer of the epithelium-the basal layer. The intermediate layers lie upon the basal layer, and the superficial layer is the outermost layer of the epithelium.