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The Norman conquest of southern Italy lasted from 999 to 1194, involving many battles and independent conquerors. In 1130, the territories in southern Italy united as the Kingdom of Sicily, which included the island of Sicily, the southern third of the Italian Peninsula (except Benevento, which was briefly held twice), the archipelago of Malta, and parts of North Africa.
The Normans' initial military involvement in southern Italy was on the side of the Lombards against the Byzantines. Eventually, some Normans, including the powerful de Hauteville brothers, served in the army of George Maniakes during the attempted Byzantine reconquest of Sicily, only to turn against their employers when the emirs proved difficult to conquer.
The Normans first arrived in Southern Italy in 1015 from northern France and served local Lombard lords as mercenaries against the Byzantine Empire. [6] As they were paid with lands, soon they were powerful enough to challenge Papal authority; in 1054, they defeated the Papal States at the Battle of Civitate, forcing the Holy See to acknowledge their authority. [7]
Norman conquest of southern Italy: County of Apulia County of Aversa Kingdom of Sicily (1130–1139) Principality of Salerno Principality of Benevento Principality of Capua Republic of Amalfi Duchy of Naples: 1001 1001 Battle of Peshawar (1001) Ghaznavids: Hindu Shahis: 1003 1018 German–Polish War: Kingdom of Poland: Holy Roman Empire: 1008 ...
Battles of the Norman conquest of southern Italy (11 P) Pages in category "Battles involving the Normans" The following 30 pages are in this category, out of 30 total.
The 7.1 M w Messina earthquake shakes Southern Italy with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme), killing between 75,000 and 200,000. 1911: Italy defeats the Ottoman Empire and gains control over Libya and the Rhodes archipelago. The Anniversary of the Unification of Italy is established. 4 June: The Altare della Patria is solemnly ...
Robert Guiscard (/ ɡ iː ˈ s k ɑːr / ghee-SKAR, [1] Modern French: [ʁɔbɛʁ ɡiskaʁ]; c. 1015 – 17 July 1085), also referred to as Robert de Hauteville, was a Norman adventurer remembered for his conquest of southern Italy and Sicily in the 11th century.
The battle of Olivento was the first of the numerous successes scored by the Normans in their conquest of southern Italy. After the battle, they conquered Ascoli, Venosa , Gravina di Puglia . It was followed by other Normans victories over the Byzantines in the battles of Montemaggiore and Montepeloso .