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  2. Bivector - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bivector

    The full geometric algebra in three dimensions, Cl 3 (R), has basis (1, e 1, e 2, e 3, e 23, e 31, e 12, e 123). The element e 123 is a trivector and the pseudoscalar for the geometry. Bivectors in three dimensions are sometimes identified with pseudovectors [ 17 ] to which they are related, as discussed below .

  3. Blade (geometry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blade_(geometry)

    In the study of geometric algebras, a k-blade or a simple k-vector is a generalization of the concept of scalars and vectors to include simple bivectors, trivectors, etc. Specifically, a k-blade is a k-vector that can be expressed as the exterior product (informally wedge product) of 1-vectors, and is of grade k. In detail: [1] A 0-blade is a ...

  4. Sylvester's triangle problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sylvester's_triangle_problem

    sum of three equal lengthed vectors. Sylvester's theorem or Sylvester's formula describes a particular interpretation of the sum of three pairwise distinct vectors of equal length in the context of triangle geometry. It is also referred to as Sylvester's (triangle) problem in literature, when it is given as a problem rather than a theorem.

  5. Comparison of vector algebra and geometric algebra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_vector...

    The fundamental difference is that GA provides a new product of vectors called the "geometric product". Elements of GA are graded multivectors: scalars are grade 0, usual vectors are grade 1, bivectors are grade 2 and the highest grade (3 in the 3D case) is traditionally called the pseudoscalar and designated .

  6. Frenet–Serret formulas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frenet–Serret_formulas

    A space curve; the vectors T, N, B; and the osculating plane spanned by T and N. In differential geometry, the Frenet–Serret formulas describe the kinematic properties of a particle moving along a differentiable curve in three-dimensional Euclidean space, or the geometric properties of the curve itself irrespective of any motion.

  7. Geometric algebra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometric_algebra

    In mathematics, a geometric algebra (also known as a Clifford algebra) is an algebra that can represent and manipulate geometrical objects such as vectors.Geometric algebra is built out of two fundamental operations, addition and the geometric product.

  8. Universal geometric algebra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_geometric_algebra

    Some r-vectors are scalars (r = 0), vectors (r = 1) and bivectors (r = 2). One may generate a finite-dimensional GA by choosing a unit pseudoscalar (I). The set of all vectors that satisfy = is a vector space. The geometric product of the vectors in this vector space then defines the GA, of which I is a member.

  9. Metric signature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metric_signature

    In mathematics, the signature of a metric tensor g (or equivalently, a real quadratic form thought of as a real symmetric bilinear form on a finite-dimensional vector space) is the number (counted with multiplicity) of positive, negative and zero eigenvalues of the real symmetric matrix g ab of the metric tensor with respect to a basis.