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Transverse myelitis (TM) is a rare neurological condition wherein the spinal cord is inflamed.The adjective transverse implies that the spinal inflammation extends horizontally throughout the cross section of the spinal cord; [1] the terms partial transverse myelitis and partial myelitis are sometimes used to specify inflammation that affects only part of the width of the spinal cord. [1]
This article provides a list of autoimmune diseases. These conditions, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, affect a range of organs and systems within the body. Each disorder is listed with the primary organ or body part that it affects and the associated autoantibodies that are typically found in people diagnosed ...
The brain and the spinal cord are the essential components of the central nervous system and it is responsible for the integration of the signals received from the afferent nerves and initiates action. The nerve cells, known as neurons, carry impulses throughout the body and the nerve impulses are carried along the axon.
Limited forms of Devic's disease, such as single or recurrent events of longitudinally extensive myelitis, and bilateral simultaneous or recurrent optic neuritis. Asian optic-spinal MS - this variant can present brain lesions like MS. [18] Longitudinally extensive myelitis or optic neuritis associated with systemic autoimmune disease.
The myelinoclastic disorders are typically associated with symptoms such as optic neuritis and transverse myelitis, because the demyelinating inflammation can affect the optic nerve or spinal cord. Many are idiopathic. Both myelinoclastic and leukodystrophic modes of disease may result in lesional demyelinations of the central nervous system.
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are a spectrum of autoimmune diseases characterized by acute inflammation of the optic nerve (optic neuritis, ON) and the spinal cord . [1] [2] [3] Episodes of ON and myelitis can be simultaneous or successive. A relapsing disease course is common, especially in untreated patients. [1] [4]
Multiple sclerosis: demyelination of the brain and spinal cord; Neuromyelitis optica or Devic's disease: immune attack on optic nerve and spinal cord; Sjögren's syndrome: destruction of the exocrine system of the body; Systemic lupus erythematosus: a systemic autoimmune disease featuring a wide variety of neurological signs and symptoms
In normal neuromuscular function, a nerve impulse is carried down the axon (the long projection of a nerve cell) from the spinal cord. At the nerve ending in the neuromuscular junction, where the impulse is transferred to the muscle cell, the nerve impulse leads to the opening of voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC), the influx of calcium ions ...