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Medicinal plants, also called medicinal herbs, have been discovered and used in traditional medicine practices since prehistoric times. Plants synthesize hundreds of chemical compounds for various functions, including defense and protection against insects , fungi , diseases , against parasites [ 2 ] and herbivorous mammals .
[234] [235] There are references of medicinal uses of zinc in the Charaka Samhita (300 BCE). [236] The Rasaratna Samuccaya which dates back to the Tantric period ( c. 5th – 13th century CE ) explains the existence of two types of ores for zinc metal, one of which is ideal for metal extraction while the other is used for medicinal purpose.
Gustav de Laval (1845–1913), Sweden – invented the milk separator and the milking machine; Semyon Lavochkin (1900–1960), Russia – La-series aircraft, first operational surface-to-air missile S-25 Berkut; John Bennet Lawes (1814–1900), UK – superphosphate or chemical fertilizer; Ernest Orlando Lawrence (1901–1958), U.S. – Cyclotron
The 100 known most prolific inventors based on worldwide utility patents are shown in the following table. While in many cases this is the number of utility patents granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office, it may include utility patents granted by other countries, as noted by the source references for an inventor.
The Four Great Inventions are inventions from ancient China that are celebrated in Chinese culture for their historical significance and as symbols of ancient China's advanced science and technology.
Roberval Balance by Gilles de Roberval in 1669. [66] Réaumur scale by René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur in 1730. [67] Pitot tube by Henri Pitot in 1732 [68] and modified to its modern form in the mid-19th century by Henry Darcy. [69] Comparison of De Moivre's approximation with the factorial; the formula is now known as Stirling's approximation.
Pacioli, who first codified and recorded the double entry system of bookkeeping, [24] had already published a major treatise on mathematical knowledge, collaborated with Leonardo in the production of a book called De divina proportione about mathematical and artistic proportion. Leonardo prepared a series of drawings of regular solids in a ...
Stahl wrote "Estudios sobre la flora de Puerto Rico" (A study of the Puerto Rican Flora), published in six fascicles from 1883 to 1888. Copies of his plant collection with approximately 1,330 plants can be found in various botanical gardens around the world.