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The ultimate tensile strength of a material is an intensive property; therefore its value does not depend on the size of the test specimen.However, depending on the material, it may be dependent on other factors, such as the preparation of the specimen, the presence or otherwise of surface defects, and the temperature of the test environment and material.
Specimen size is not to standard (Instron). Tensile testing, also known as tension testing, [1] is a fundamental materials science and engineering test in which a sample is subjected to a controlled tension until failure. Properties that are directly measured via a tensile test are ultimate tensile strength, breaking strength, maximum ...
Measurements showing how the tensile stress in a stretched rubber sample varies with temperature are shown in Fig. 4. In these experiments, [ 22 ] the strain of a stretched rubber sample was held fixed as the temperature was varied between 10 and 70 degrees Celsius.
The traditional measure unit for strength are therefore MPa in the International System of Units, and the psi between the United States customary units. Strength parameters include: yield strength, tensile strength, fatigue strength, crack resistance, and other parameters. [citation needed]
For example, with rubber, tear resistance measures how the test specimen resists the growth of any cuts when under tension, it is usually expressed in kN/m. [2] Tear resistance can be gauged via the same ASTM D 412 apparatus used to measure tensile strength, modulus and elongation. ASTM D 624 can be applied to measure the resistance to the ...
In engineering and materials science, a stress–strain curve for a material gives the relationship between stress and strain. It is obtained by gradually applying load to a test coupon and measuring the deformation, from which the stress and strain can be determined (see tensile testing). These curves reveal many of the properties of a ...
Toughness as defined by the area under the stress–strain curve. In materials science and metallurgy, toughness is the ability of a material to absorb energy and plastically deform without fracturing. [1] Toughness is the strength with which the material opposes rupture. One definition of material toughness is the amount of energy per unit ...
EPDM rubber (ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber) [1] [2] [3] is a type of synthetic rubber that is used in many applications. EPDM is an M-Class rubber under ASTM standard D-1418; the M class comprises elastomers with a saturated polyethylene chain (the M deriving from the more correct term polymethylene).