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History of Beirut. View of the Beirut Peninsula, 2015. The earliest settlement of Beirut was on an island in the Beirut River, but the channel that separated it from the banks silted up and the island ceased to be. Excavations in the downtown area have unearthed layers of Phoenician, Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine, Arab, Crusader, and Ottoman ...
Emile Yanni takes office as Governor of Beirut. 1961 Orient-Institut Beirut established. Sursock Museum and Phoenicia Beirut Hotel open. 1963 – Gallery One (cultural space) opens. [11] 1964 – Saint Nicolas Garden opens. 1966 – Al Ahed football team established, headquartered in Beirut. 1967 – Chafik Abou Haydar takes office as Governor ...
Beirut became a prime location for institutions of international commerce and finance, as well as wealthy tourists, and enjoyed a reputation as the "Paris of the Middle East" until the outbreak of the Lebanese Civil War. In the aftermath of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, Lebanon became home to more than 110,000 Palestinian refugees. Beirut in 1950
Siege of Beirut. During the 1982 Lebanon War, the city of Beirut was besieged by Israel following the breakdown of the ceasefire that had been imposed by the United Nations amidst the Lebanese Civil War. Beginning in mid-June, the two-month-long siege resulted in the expulsion of the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) from Beirut and the ...
Beirut is an important seaport for the country and region, and rated a Beta + World City by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. [5] Beirut was severely damaged by the Lebanese Civil War, the 2006 Lebanon War, and the 2020 massive explosion in the Port of Beirut. Its architectural and demographic structure underwent major change ...
The Sabra and Shatila massacre was the 16–18 September 1982 killing of between 1,300 and 3,500 civilians—mostly Palestinians and Lebanese Shias—in the city of Beirut during the Lebanese Civil War.
However, after 1948, the security of Jews remained fragile, and the main synagogue in Beirut was bombed in the early 1950s. [5] In the wake of the 1967 Arab–Israeli War, there was mass emigration of around 6,000 Lebanese Jews from Lebanon to Israel and Western countries. [6] [7] [8] [9]
The history of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict traces back to the late 19th century when Zionists sought to establish a homeland for the Jewish people in Ottoman-controlled Palestine, a region roughly corresponding to the Land of Israel in Jewish tradition. [1][2][3][4] The Balfour Declaration of 1917, issued by the British government ...