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In Soviet times, phonetic spelling was the only standard way to write foreign names in Lithuanian (original spelling could be shown in parentheses if needed), but in post-Soviet times the original spelling came to be widely used. The Lithuanian Wikipedia uses original spelling in article titles, but phonetic spelling in article texts.
The nasal vowels ą and ę were taken from the Polish spelling and began to be used by Renaissance Lithuanian writers, later the Lithuanians introduced the nasal vowels į and ų as analogues. [113] [115] The letter ū is the latest addition by linguist Jonas Jablonskis. [120] [115]
Lithuanian nouns are classified into one of two genders: masculine. feminine. Lithuanian adjectives, numerals, pronouns and participles are classified into one of three genders: masculine. feminine. neuter. Since no noun can have a neutral gender, it is used with subjects of neutral or undefined gender:
Compendium Grammaticæ Lithvanicæ (Lithuanian: Lietuvių kalbos gramatikos sąvadas; English: Compendium of the Lithuanian Grammar) is a prescriptive printed grammar of the Lithuanian language, which was one of the first attempts to standardize the Lithuanian language. [1][2][3][4] The grammar was intended for pastors who knew little or no ...
164636567. Grammatica Litvanica (Lithuanian: Lietuvių kalbos gramatika, lit. 'Lithuanian grammar') is the first prescriptive printed grammar of the Lithuanian language which was written by Daniel Klein in Latin and published in 1653 in Königsberg, Duchy of Prussia. [1][2][3][4][5]
Lithuanian name. A Lithuanian personal name, as in most European cultures, consists of two main elements: the given name (vardas) followed by the family name (pavardė). The usage of personal names in Lithuania is generally governed (in addition to personal taste and family custom) by three major factors: civil law, canon law, and tradition.
Lithuanian has eleven vowels and 45 consonants, including 22 pairs of consonants distinguished by the presence or absence of palatalization. Most vowels come in pairs which are differentiated through length and degree of centralization. Only one syllable in the word bears the accent, but exactly which syllable is often unpredictable.
Lithuanian accentuation. In the Lithuanian phonology, stressed heavy syllables are pronounced in one of two prosodically distinct ways. [1][2] One way is known as the acute or falling accent: this may be described as "sudden, sharp or rough". In Lithuanian it is called tvirtaprãdė príegaidė, literally 'firm-start accent'. The second way is ...