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  2. Attitude indicator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attitude_indicator

    The attitude indicator (AI), formerly known as the gyro horizon or artificial horizon, is a flight instrument that informs the pilot of the aircraft orientation relative to Earth's horizon, and gives an immediate indication of the smallest orientation change. The miniature aircraft and horizon bar mimic the relationship of the aircraft relative ...

  3. Attitude and heading reference system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attitude_and_heading...

    An attitude and heading reference system (AHRS) consists of sensors on three axes that provide attitude information for aircraft, including roll, pitch, and yaw.These are sometimes referred to as MARG (Magnetic, Angular Rate, and Gravity) [1] sensors and consist of either solid-state or microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) gyroscopes, accelerometers and magnetometers.

  4. Flight instruments - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight_instruments

    The cockpit of a Slingsby T-67 Firefly two-seat light airplane.The flight instruments are visible on the left of the instrument panel. Flight instruments are the instruments in the cockpit of an aircraft that provide the pilot with data about the flight situation of that aircraft, such as altitude, airspeed, vertical speed, heading and much more other crucial information in flight.

  5. Aircraft flight dynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft_flight_dynamics

    Aircraft flight dynamics. Flight dynamics is the science of air vehicle orientation and control in three dimensions. The three critical flight dynamics parameters are the angles of rotation in three dimensions about the vehicle's center of gravity (cg), known as pitch, roll and yaw. These are collectively known as aircraft attitude, often ...

  6. Peripheral vision horizon display - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_vision_horizon...

    The peripheral vision horizon display, also called PVHD or the Malcolm Horizon (after inventor Dr. Richard Malcolm), is an aircraft cockpit instrument which assists pilots in maintaining proper attitude . The PVHD was developed in the mid-1970s and manufactured in the early 1980s as a cockpit instrument to assist the pilot with being better ...

  7. Turn and slip indicator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turn_and_slip_indicator

    This allows the instrument to display a change more quickly as it will react to the change in roll before the aircraft has even begun to yaw. Although this instrument reacts to changes in the aircraft's roll, it does not display the roll attitude. The turn coordinator may be used as a performance instrument when the attitude indicator has ...

  8. Heading indicator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heading_indicator

    Heading indicator. A heading indicator in a small aircraft. HI interior. Vacuum systems using a vacuum pump (left) and a venturi (right) The heading indicator (HI), also known as a directional gyro[1] (DG) or direction indicator (DI), [2][3][4][5] is a flight instrument used in an aircraft to inform the pilot of the aircraft's heading.

  9. Air data inertial reference unit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_data_inertial...

    An Air Data Inertial Reference Unit (ADIRU) is a key component of the integrated Air Data Inertial Reference System (ADIRS), which supplies air data (airspeed, angle of attack and altitude) and inertial reference (position and attitude) information to the pilots' electronic flight instrument system displays as well as other systems on the aircraft such as the engines, autopilot, aircraft ...