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Portal vein thrombosis, incidental PM finding. Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a vascular disease of the liver that occurs when a blood clot occurs in the hepatic portal vein, which can lead to increased pressure in the portal vein system and reduced blood supply to the liver. The mortality rate is approximately 1 in 10. [1]
The superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein come together to form the actual hepatic portal vein. The inferior mesenteric vein connects in the majority of people on the splenic vein, but in some people, it is known to connect on the portal vein or the superior mesenteric vein. Roughly, the portal venous system corresponds to areas ...
A dilated portal vein (diameter of greater than 13 or 15 mm) is a sign of portal hypertension, with a sensitivity estimated at 12.5% or 40%. [18] On Doppler ultrasonography , a slow velocity of <16 cm/s in addition to dilatation in the main portal vein are diagnostic of portal hypertension. [ 19 ]
If not rapidly treated outcomes are often poor. [1] Among those affected even with treatment the risk of death is 70% to 90%. [3] In those with chronic disease bypass surgery is the treatment of choice. [1] Those who have thrombosis of the vein may be treated with anticoagulation such as heparin and warfarin, with surgery used if they do not ...
In human anatomy, the superior mesenteric vein (SMV) is a blood vessel that drains blood from the small intestine (jejunum and ileum). Behind the neck of the pancreas , the superior mesenteric vein combines with the splenic vein to form the portal vein that carries blood to the liver .
Inflammation or cancers of the pancreas may result in a blood clot forming in the splenic vein. As the short gastric veins of the fundus of the stomach drain into the splenic vein, thrombosis of the splenic vein will result in increased pressure and engorgement of the short veins, leading to varices in the fundus of the stomach. [citation needed]
In most individuals, the portal vein is formed by the union of the superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein. [5] For this reason, the portal vein is occasionally called the splenic-mesenteric confluence. [4] Occasionally, the portal vein also directly communicates with the inferior mesenteric vein, although this is
As the superior mesenteric vein drains to the hepatic portal vein, the middle colic vein is considered part of the hepatic portal system. This vein also carries nutrients absorbed from the large intestine to the liver. This vein is sometimes used as the point of catheter insertion for treatment of acute portal and mesenteric vein thrombosis. [2]