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A tire-pressure monitoring system (TPMS) monitors the air pressure inside the pneumatic tires on vehicles. [1] A TPMS reports real-time tire-pressure information to the driver, using either a gauge, a pictogram display, or a simple low-pressure warning light. TPMS can be divided into two different types – direct (dTPMS) and indirect (iTPMS).
direct TPM sensor fitted in valve system, manufacturer VDO. In most current designs of direct TPMS, a small electronic assembly which is rugged enough to be mounted inside a tire, measures the pressure using a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) [1] pressure sensor and then transmits this and other information to one or more vehicle receivers. [1]
It is also fitted to many Volvo, Fiat and Renault vehicles. The system meets the American FMVSS 138 and the European ECE R-64 regulations on tire pressure monitoring systems. [3] TPI is a software component that uses both relative rolling radius information as well as wheel oscillation measurement.
A tire-pressure monitoring system is now standard on all CXL models. A manual dual-zone HVAC system is now standard on CX Plus, CXL, and FWD CXL Plus models. AWD CXL Plus models feature automatic dual-zone climate control, while base CX models still feature single-zone climate control.
Since September 2007, all new automobiles below 10,000 lb (4,500 kg) in weight sold in the United States are required to incorporate a Tire Pressure Monitoring System, which is capable of monitoring all four tires and simultaneously reporting under-inflation of 25 percent of cold placard pressures in any combination of all four tires.
Reducing tire pressure also reduces the extent to which the tires grind against loose surfaces, significantly reducing dust and silt. Another function of CTIS is to maintain tire pressure if there is a slow leak or puncture. In this case, the system controls inflation automatically based on the selected pressure the driver has set. [1]