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Ibn Battuta (/ ˌ ɪ b ən b æ t ˈ t uː t ɑː /; 24 February 1304 – 1368/1369), [a] was a Maghrebi traveller, explorer and scholar. [7] Over a period of thirty years from 1325 to 1354, Ibn Battuta visited much of Africa, the Middle East, Asia, and the Iberian Peninsula.
The Rihla, formal title A Masterpiece to Those Who Contemplate the Wonders of Cities and the Marvels of Traveling, is the travelogue written by Ibn Battuta, documenting his lifetime of travel and exploration, which according to his description covered about 73,000 miles (117,000 km).
The Travels was dictated to Ibn Juzayy on orders from the Marinid Sultan Abu Inan Faris, who was impressed by the story of Ibn Battuta. [10] Although Ibn Battuta was an accomplished and well-documented explorer, his travels had been unknown outside the Islamic world for many years. [11]
Over his lifetime, Ibn Battuta travelled over 117,000 kilometres (73,000 miles) and visited around 40 present-day countries. [3] In the following list the Romanization used by Gibb and Beckingham is given in parentheses. The states are modern. Within each section the towns are listed in the order that they are first mentioned in Ibn Battuta's ...
Ross E. Dunn is an American historian [1] and writer, the author of several books including The Adventures of Ibn Battuta, [2] and coauthor of the highly cited [3] History on Trial: Culture Wars and the Teaching of the Past. [1] [4] He is Professor Emeritus at San Diego State University. [5]
Ibn Battuta sailed for 17 days to reach China from the land of Tawalisi. [2] Ibn Battuta made a pilgrimage to Mecca and he traveled to many other parts of the Islamic world. From India and Sumatra, Ibn Battuta reached the land of Tawalisi. Ibn Battuta described Urduja as a warrior princess whose army was composed of men and women.
Further, he is one of the foremost scholars of the Moroccan medieval scholar Ibn Battuta. Mackintosh-Smith has published a trilogy recounting Ibn Battuta's journeys as published in his Muqaddimah ( The Prologue ): Travels with a Tangerine (2001), The Hall of a Thousand Columns (2005) and Landfalls (2010).
His daughter was married to the historian Ibn Battuta and his son Ibrahim was the purse bearer of Muhammad bin Tughluq. [13] When Tughluq heard of Jalaluddin's rebellion he had Ibrahim killed in retaliation. Jalaluddin is variously referred to as "Syed", "Hasan" or "Hussun" by the historians Firishta and Ziauddin Barani.