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A delta can be defined in 2 ways, symmetric delta and directed delta.A symmetric delta can be expressed as (,) = (),where and represent two versions.. A directed delta, also called a change, is a sequence of (elementary) change operations which, when applied to one version , yields another version (note the correspondence to transaction logs in databases).
SVN, CVS, Git, Microsoft TFS, Perforce, VSS using command line Yes diff: No No No Yes Yes with patch Yes with patch No No diff3: No No No Eclipse (compare) Yes CVS, Subversion, Git, Mercurial, Baazar: Yes Ediff: Yes Yes RCS, CVS, SVN, Mercurial, git (anything supported by Emacs' VC-mode) [36] Yes Yes Yes ExamDiff Pro: Yes [37] Yes [38] normal ...
In computing, the utility diff is a data comparison tool that computes and displays the differences between the contents of files. Unlike edit distance notions used for other purposes, diff is line-oriented rather than character-oriented, but it is like Levenshtein distance in that it tries to determine the smallest set of deletions and insertions to create one file from the other.
One may also wish to have robust differences – for example, if two documents A and B differ in paragraph 13, one may wish to be able to apply this patch even if one has changed paragraph 7 of A. An example of this is in diff, which shows which lines changed, and where the context format allows robustness and improves human readability.
Git does periodic repacking automatically, but manual repacking is also possible with the git gc command. [46] For data integrity, both the packfile and its index have an SHA-1 checksum [47] inside, and the file name of the packfile also contains an SHA-1 checksum. To check the integrity of a repository, run the git fsck command. [48] [49]
Displaying the differences between two or more sets of data, file comparison tools can make computing simpler, and more efficient by focusing on new data and ignoring what did not change. Generically known as a diff [ 1 ] after the Unix diff utility , there are a range of ways to compare data sources and display the results.
That is, for source code where the average line is 60 or more characters long, the hash or checksum for that line might be only 8 to 40 characters long. Additionally, the randomized nature of hashes and checksums would guarantee that comparisons would short-circuit faster, as lines of source code will rarely be changed at the beginning.
For instance, if patch A adds line "X" after line 7 of file F and patch B adds line "Y" after line 310 of file F, B has to be rewritten if it is rebased on A: the line must be added on line 311 of file F, because the line added in A offsets the line numbers by one.