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Read-only memory (ROM) is a type of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices. Data stored in ROM cannot be electronically modified after the manufacture of the memory device. Read-only memory is useful for storing software that is rarely changed during the life of the system, also known as firmware.
OTP (one time programmable) memory is a special type of non-volatile memory (NVM) that permits data to be written to memory only once. Once the memory has been programmed, it retains its value upon loss of power (i.e., is non-volatile). OTP memory is used in applications where reliable and repeatable reading of data is required.
The term memory is also often used to refer to non-volatile memory including read-only memory (ROM) through modern flash memory. Programmable read-only memory (PROM) was invented by Wen Tsing Chow in 1956, while working for the Arma Division of the American Bosch Arma Corporation.
Firmware is stored in non-volatile memory – either read-only memory (ROM) or programmable memory such as EPROM, EEPROM, or flash. Changing a device's firmware stored in ROM requires physically replacing the memory chip – although some chips are not designed to be removed after manufacture.
Read-only memory, a type of storage media that is used in computers and other electronic devices ROM cartridge, a portable form of read-only memory; ROM image, a computer file which contains a copy of the data from a read-only memory chip; ROM (MUD), a popular MUD codebase; Request Of Maintainer, a request by the maintainer of a software package
In computer technology, read-only can refer to: Read-only memory (ROM), a type of storage media; Read-only access to memory using memory protection; Read-only access to files or directories in file system permissions; Read-only access for database administrators in database system permissions
It can only be accessed the same way an external peripheral device is, using special pointer registers and read/write instructions, which makes EEPROM access much slower than other internal RAM. However, some devices in the SecureAVR (AT90SC) family [ 11 ] use a special EEPROM mapping to the data or program memory, depending on the configuration.
Special machine language instructions are provided to read data from the instruction memory, or the instruction memory can be accessed using a peripheral interface. [ a ] (This is distinct from instructions which themselves embed constant data, although for individual constants the two mechanisms can substitute for each other.)