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The land bridge was completed 2.8 million years ago, when the Isthmus of Panama was formed, linking the two continents for the first time in tens of millions of years. The resulting Great American Interchange of animals and plants shaped the flora and fauna of the Central America bioregion. [2]
Vertebrates of Panama (4 C, 19 P) Pages in category "Fauna of Panama" The following 121 pages are in this category, out of 121 total.
Armadillos are small mammals with a bony armored shell. Two of twenty-one extant species are still present in Panama; the remainder are only found in South America, where they originated. Their much larger relatives, the pampatheres and glyptodonts, once lived in North and South America but went extinct following the appearance of humans.
The Gulf of Panama has minor gulfs around its rim. The largest sector of this ecoregion is around the Gulf of Parita on the west. There are smaller sectors in the north on Panama Bay (around Panama City), and the Bay of San Miguel on the east. Most of the region is lowlands, with an average elevation of 80 metres (260 ft). [3]
Panama, [a] officially the Republic of Panama, [b] is a country in Latin America at the southern end of Central America, bordering South America. It is bordered by Costa Rica to the west, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north, and the Pacific Ocean to the south.
Coiba separated from continental Panama between 12,000 and 18,000 years ago when sea levels rose. Plants and animals on the new island became isolated from mainland populations and over the millennia most animals have diverged in appearance and behaviour from their mainland counterparts.
In other phytogeographic systems, Central America is a region of Northern America, with the bi-coastal Isthmus of Panama region a distribution ecotone of Northern and Southern America. Note that Mexico is not included in this region, but within Northern America under Flora of Northern America
This is a list of ecoregions in Panama as defined by the World Wildlife Fund and the Freshwater Ecoregions of the World database. Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests [ edit ]