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Names, routes and locations of the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea. The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea (Koinē Greek: Περίπλους τῆς Ἐρυθρᾶς Θαλάσσης, Períplous tē̂s Erythrâs Thalássēs), also known by its Latin name as the Periplus Maris Erythraei, is a Greco-Roman periplus written in Koine Greek that describes navigation and trading opportunities from Roman ...
By the first century AD, however, Aksum had gained control over territory previously Kushite. The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea explicitly describes how ivory collected in Kushite territory was being exported through the port of Adulis instead of being taken to Meroë, the capital of Kush. During the second and third centuries AD the Kingdom ...
Furthermore, excavations in the Stele Park at the heart of Aksum. substantiate ongoing activity in that area since the beginning of the common era. By the 1st century AD, Aksum was described as a "metropolis" in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea. [5] Several archaeological expeditions have conducted excavations in various parts of Aksum.
The Erythraean Sea (Ancient Greek: Ἐρυθρὰ Θάλασσα, Erythrà Thálassa, lit. ' Red Sea ' ) was a former maritime designation that always included the Gulf of Aden , and at times other seas between Arabia Felix and the Horn of Africa .
In the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, Zoskales is described as the only ruler of the region between Ptolemais Theron on the Sudanese coast and the rest of Barbaria. [2] He was described as a miserly person but otherwise upright and had a Greek education.
Adulis is also mentioned in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, a guide of the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean. The latter guide describes the settlement as an emporium for the ivory, hides, slaves and other exports of the interior. Roman merchants used the port in the second and third century AD.
Recorded in Periplus of the Erythraean Sea. [30] Could be the king Za Hakli [31] [32] or a local ruler in Adulis. [33] The identification with Hakli has been disputed by some historians because the earliest of the regnal lists post date the Periplus by well over a thousand years [34] Sarguai: No. 4 on Dillmann's list B and no. 6 on list C. [27 ...
Aksum had been a powerful empire during late antiquity, appearing in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea and mentioned by Iranian prophet Mani as one of the "four great kingdoms on earth", along with the Sasanian Empire of Persia, the Roman Empire, and China's Three Kingdoms. [2]