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An infinite sequence of real numbers (in blue). This sequence is neither increasing, decreasing, convergent, nor Cauchy.It is, however, bounded. In mathematics, a sequence is an enumerated collection of objects in which repetitions are allowed and order matters.
For two elements a 1 + b 1 i + c 1 j + d 1 k and a 2 + b 2 i + c 2 j + d 2 k, their product, called the Hamilton product (a 1 + b 1 i + c 1 j + d 1 k) (a 2 + b 2 i + c 2 j + d 2 k), is determined by the products of the basis elements and the distributive law. The distributive law makes it possible to expand the product so that it is a sum of ...
A right R-module M R is defined similarly in terms of an operation · : M × R → M. Authors who do not require rings to be unital omit condition 4 in the definition above; they would call the structures defined above "unital left R-modules". In this article, consistent with the glossary of ring theory, all rings and modules are assumed to be ...
the AMC 10, for students under the age of 17.5 and in grades 10 and below; the AMC 12, for students under the age of 19.5 and in grades 12 and below [2] The AMC 8 tests mathematics through the 8th grade curriculum. [1] Similarly, the AMC 10 and AMC 12 test mathematics through the 10th and 12th grade curriculum, respectively. [2]
Time-keeping on this clock uses arithmetic modulo 12. Adding 4 hours to 9 o'clock gives 1 o'clock, since 13 is congruent to 1 modulo 12. In mathematics, modular arithmetic is a system of arithmetic for integers, where numbers "wrap around" when reaching a certain value, called the modulus.
This is one-half of the harmonic mean of 6 and 4: 2·6·4 / 6 + 4 = 4.8. That is, the appropriate average for the two types of pump is the harmonic mean, and with one pair of pumps (two pumps), it takes half this harmonic mean time, while with two pairs of pumps (four pumps) it would take a quarter of this harmonic mean time.
For most of these numbers (with the exceptions only of 5 and 10), the packing is the natural one with axis-aligned squares, and is ⌈ ⌉, where ⌈ ⌉ is the ceiling (round up) function. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The figure shows the optimal packings for 5 and 10 squares, the two smallest numbers of squares for which the optimal packing involves tilted ...
In mathematics, more specifically algebra, abstract algebra or modern algebra is the study of algebraic structures, which are sets with specific operations acting on their elements. [1] Algebraic structures include groups , rings , fields , modules , vector spaces , lattices , and algebras over a field .