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Actinic elastosis, also known as solar elastosis, is an accumulation of abnormal elastin (elastic tissue) in the dermis of the skin, [2] or in the conjunctiva of the eye, [3] which occurs as a result of the cumulative effects of prolonged and excessive sun exposure, a process known as photoaging.
Cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma is the second-most common cancer of the skin (after basal-cell carcinoma, but more common than melanoma). It usually occurs in areas exposed to the sun. Sunlight exposure and immunosuppression are risk factors for SCC of the skin, with chronic sun exposure being the strongest environmental risk factor. [26]
Squamous-cell skin cancer (SCC) is commonly a red, scaling, thickened patch on sun-exposed skin. Some are firm hard nodules and dome shaped like keratoacanthomas. Ulceration and bleeding may occur. When SCC is not treated, it may develop into a large mass. Squamous-cell is the second most common skin cancer.
Skin elastosis causes Condition Distinctive features Histopathology Actinic elastosis (most common, also called solar elastosis) Elastin replacing collagen fibers of the papillary dermis and reticular dermis: Elastosis perforans serpiginosa: Degenerated elastic fibers and transepidermal perforating canals (arrow in image points at one of them) [18]
Elastin is a protein encoded by the ELN gene in humans and several other animals. Elastin is a key component in the extracellular matrix of gnathostomes (jawed vertebrates). [ 5 ] It is highly elastic and present in connective tissue of the body to resume its shape after stretching or contracting. [ 6 ]
Usually, pseudoxanthoma elasticum affects the skin first, often in childhood or early adolescence. [7] Small, yellowish papular lesions form and cutaneous laxity mainly affect the neck, axillae (armpits), groin, and flexural creases (the inside parts of the elbows and knees). [3] [8] Skin may become lax and redundant.
Main histopathology features of squamous-cell carcinoma. Squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC), also known as epidermoid carcinoma, comprises a number of different types of cancer that begin in squamous cells. [1] These cells form on the surface of the skin, on the lining of hollow organs in the body, and on the lining of the respiratory and digestive ...
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive skin cancer occurring in about three people per million members of the population. [1] It is also known as cutaneous APUDoma, primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin, primary small cell carcinoma of the skin, and trabecular carcinoma of the skin. [2]