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  2. Radiological warfare - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiological_warfare

    Radiological warfare is any form of warfare involving deliberate radiation poisoning or contamination of an area with radiological sources.. Radiological weapons are normally classified as weapons of mass destruction (WMDs), [1] although radiological weapons can also be specific in whom they target, such as the radiation poisoning of Alexander Litvinenko by the Russian FSB, using radioactive ...

  3. Gamma-ray burst - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma-ray_burst

    Gamma-ray bursts were first observed in the late 1960s by the U.S. Vela satellites, which were built to detect gamma radiation pulses emitted by nuclear weapons tested in space. The United States suspected that the Soviet Union might attempt to conduct secret nuclear tests after signing the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty in 1963. [ 20 ]

  4. Gamma ray - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_ray

    A gamma ray, also known as gamma radiation (symbol γ), is a penetrating form of electromagnetic radiation arising from the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei.It consists of the shortest wavelength electromagnetic waves, typically shorter than those of X-rays.

  5. History of gamma-ray burst research - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_gamma-ray_burst...

    Gamma-ray bursts were discovered in the late 1960s by the U.S. Vela nuclear test detection satellites. The Velas were built to detect gamma radiation pulses emitted by nuclear weapon tests in space. The United States suspected that the USSR might attempt to conduct secret nuclear tests after signing the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty in 1963. While ...

  6. Aurora Pulsed Radiation Simulator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aurora_Pulsed_Radiation...

    The Aurora Simulator was more than 161 feet (49 m) long and weighed 1,450 tons; it was the first gamma radiation simulator of its size in the world at the time. It was also one of only four large machines in the United States built specifically to test complete nuclear weapons packages, with the other three being the Hermes I to III simulators ...

  7. Nuclear warfare - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_warfare

    The first, a limited nuclear war [22] (sometimes attack or exchange), refers to the controlled use of nuclear weapons, whereby the implicit threat exists that a nation can still escalate their use of nuclear weapons. For example, using a small number of nuclear weapons against strictly military targets could be escalated through increasing the ...

  8. Radiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation

    Gamma radiation detected in an isopropanol cloud chamber. Gamma (γ) radiation consists of photons with a wavelength less than 3 × 10 −11 m (greater than 10 19 Hz and 41.4 keV). [4] Gamma radiation emission is a nuclear process that occurs to rid an unstable nucleus of excess energy after most nuclear reactions. Both alpha and beta particles ...

  9. Nuclear weapon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_weapon

    Nuclear disarmament refers to both the act of reducing or eliminating nuclear weapons and to the end state of a nuclear-free world, in which nuclear weapons are eliminated. Beginning with the 1963 Partial Test Ban Treaty and continuing through the 1996 Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty , there have been many treaties to limit or reduce ...