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Generally speaking they reflected the sentiments of the Anti-Federalists, which Akhil Reed Amar of the Yale Law School generalized as: a localist fear of a powerful central government, a belief in the necessity of direct citizen participation in democracy, and a distrust of wealthy merchants and industrialists. [7]
The Anti-Federalist Papers was written before the Federalist Papers by Founding Fathers opposed to the merits of the proposed United States Constitution. Three papers touch on the aspects of the Senate defended in Federalist 64. Anti-Federalist 62 discusses how the members of the Senate should be chosen and their organization.
Anti-Federalism was a late-18th-century political movement that opposed the creation of a stronger U.S. federal government and which later opposed the ratification of the 1787 Constitution. The previous constitution, called the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union , gave state governments more authority.
In Federalist No. 69, Alexander Hamilton sought to explain the nature of the executive branch in order to address fears that the U.S. President would function as an elected monarch, the primary concern of Anti-Federalists. Memories of unpopular British polices were fresh in the mind of Anti-Federalists, and they were not ready to accept any new ...
Political philosopher Michael Zuckert described Federalist No. 23 as "one of the most probing discussions of constitutionalism in the history of political thought". [8] Since the ratification of the constitution, the role of the federal government has expanded significantly in scope.
Federalist No. 9 less original argumentation, instead analyzing the arguments of the anti-federalists and Montesquieu. [3]: 127 Montesquieu was the most referenced of any political philosopher in The Federalist Papers, but Federalist No. 9 referenced his ideas to refute them, rejecting the argument from authority.
It was written to explicate and justify the structure of the judiciary under the proposed Constitution of the United States; it is the first of six essays by Hamilton on this issue. In particular, it addresses concerns by the Anti-Federalists over the scope and power of the federal judiciary, which would have comprised unelected, politically ...
Shortly after, Anti-Federalists began publishing papers arguing against the Constitution, motivating Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison to respond with The Federalist Papers. [ 2 ] Many anti-federalists believed the government's revenue-raising power should not be restricted to only external taxes.