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There have been movements in Latin America to unite indigenous populations separated by national borders. The following are examples of groups that have organized in order to be heard on a transnational level. These movements call for indigenous rights to become a universal right to be acknowledged by all countries with indigenous populations.
What is and is not considered an autonomist or secessionist movement is sometimes contentious. Entries on this list must meet three criteria: They are active movements with active members. They are seeking greater autonomy or self-determination for a geographic region (as opposed to personal autonomy).
The Ecuadorian Indian movement under the leadership of CONAIE is often cited as the best-organized and most influential Indigenous movement in Latin America. [1] [2] Formed in 1986, CONAIE firmly established itself as a powerful national force in May and June 1990 when it played a role in organising a rural uprising on a national scale.
The Chumash revolt was the largest organized resistance movement to occur during the Spanish and Mexican periods in California. [33] Mexican victory Anastasio Aquino's Rebellion: 1832 1833 Anastasio Aquino's Rebellion was an uprising led by Salvadoran indigenous leader Anastasio Aquino against the Federal Republic of Central America.
The Mexican Indigenista movement flourished after the Mexican Revolution of 1910-1920. Prior to the Revolution, under the presidency of Liberal General Porfirio Diaz, from Oaxaca and himself having indigenous antecedents, his policy makers, known as Cientificos ("scientists") were influenced by French Positivism and Social Darwinism and thinkers such as Herbert Spencer.
The Pan-Mayan Movement is an ethno-political movement among the Maya peoples of Guatemala and Mexico.The movement emerged in the late 1980s and early 1990s in response to a long tradition of the political marginalization of the large indigenous population of Guatemala, and particularly in response to the violent counter-insurgency policies that disproportionately affected indigenous ...
Indigenous groups in North America were assigned to small reservations, typically on remote and economically marginal territories that would not support crops, fishing or hunting. Some of the reservations were then dismantled through an allotment process such as the Dawes act in North America, but some Indigenous peoples refused to sign. [70]
The Politics of Autonomy in Latin America is grounded in Marxist schools of thought and draws on theories of the mid-20th century German philosopher Ernst Bloch, particularly his understanding of reality as an open process, described in The Principle of Hope as the human anthropological impulse to explore what is "not yet".