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The hyperglycemic clamps are often used to assess insulin secretion capacity. Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique: The plasma insulin concentration is acutely raised and maintained at 100 μU/ml by a continuous infusion of insulin. Meanwhile, the plasma glucose concentration is held constant at basal levels by a variable glucose infusion.
D50 – 50% dextrose in water; The percentage is a mass concentration, so a 5% glucose/dextrose solution contains 50 g/L of glucose/dextrose (5 g per 100 ml). This usage is imprecise but widely used, as discussed at Mass concentration (chemistry) § Usage in biology. Glucose provides energy 4 kcal/gram, so a 5% glucose solution provides 0.2 kcal/ml
The patient is then given a measured dose (below) of glucose solution to drink within a 5-minute time frame. Blood is drawn at intervals for measurement of glucose (blood sugar), and sometimes insulin levels. The intervals and number of samples vary according to the purpose of the test.
Prandial insulin, also called mealtime or bolus insulin, is designed as a bolus dose of insulin prior to a meal to regulate the spike in blood glucose that occurs following a meal. The dose of prandial insulin may be static, or may be calculated by the patient using either their current blood sugar, planned carbohydrate intake, or both.
Drugs come with a recommended dose in milligrams or micrograms per kilogram of body weight, and that is used in conjunction with the patient's age and body weight to determine a safe dose. In single-dose scenarios, the patient's body weight and the drug's recommended dose per kilogram are used to determine a safe one-time dose.
Blood glucose monitoring is the use of a glucose meter for testing the concentration of glucose in the blood ().Particularly important in diabetes management, a blood glucose test is typically performed by piercing the skin (typically, via fingerstick) to draw blood, then applying the blood to a chemically active disposable 'test-strip'.
For example, when one adds equal amounts of salt and sugar to equal amounts of water, the degrees Brix of the salt solution rises faster than the sugar solution, because it is denser. The °Bx is traditionally used in the wine , sugar , carbonated beverage , fruit juice , fresh produce , maple syrup , and honey industries.
Basal insulin: the insulin that controls blood glucose levels between meals and overnight. It controls glucose in the fasting state. Boluses: the insulin that is released when food is eaten or to correct a high reading. Another device used in intensive insulinotherapy is the injection port. An injection port is a small disposable device ...