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The first modern parliaments date back to the Middle Ages. In 1188, Alfonso IX, King of León (in current day Spain) convened the three states in the Cortes of León; UNESCO considers this the first example of modern parliamentarism in the history of Europe, with the presence of the common people through elected representatives.
If value of 1, the summary data of seats is shown (colored box & number); if value of 2 a list with colored box, party name, and number is shown; dafault value is 0. Background Defines the background color using a hex color. n1, n2, ... Number of seats of each group or party c1, c2, ...
The clerk of the House of Commons began keeping the Journal of the House of Commons on his own initiative in 1547, which became a source of precedent in parliamentary procedure. [4] Legislative Procedure: Parliamentary Practices and the Course of Business notes that "many usages were crystallized, so to speak, by the ruling of a Speaker or by ...
This template allows the citation of biographies of individual members through the {{Cite encyclopedia}} template. The first, unnamed parameter to this template is the first year covered by the volume being cited (e.g., "1754" for the 1754–1790 volume), and cannot be omitted. Other parameters are passed to {{Cite encyclopedia}}.
The facing benches of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom are said to contribute to an adversarial style of debate. [1] The House of Representatives of Japan The National Council of Switzerland. In modern politics, and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government.
The Long Parliament, which commenced in this reign, had the longest term and the most complex history of any English Parliament. The entry in the first table below relates to the whole Parliament. Although it rebelled against King Charles I and continued to exist long after the King's death, it was a Parliament he originally summoned. An ...
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The first parliaments date back to Europe in the Middle Ages. The earliest example of a parliament is disputed, especially depending how the term is defined. For example, the Icelandic Althing consisting of prominent individuals among the free landowners of the various districts of the Icelandic Commonwealth first gathered around the year 930 (it conducted its business orally, with no written ...