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The spleen is the largest collection of lymphoid tissue in the body. It is normally palpable in preterm infants, in 30% of normal, full-term neonates, and in 5% to 10% of infants and toddlers. A spleen easily palpable below the costal margin in any child over the age of three to four years should be considered abnormal until proven otherwise.
White pulp, splenic lymphoid nodules, or white nodules — follicles in the white pulp of the spleen, containing many lymphocytes These structures are named after Marcello Malpighi (1628–1694), an Italian physician and biologist regarded as the father of microscopical anatomy and histology .
Gandy–Gamna nodules or Gandy-Gamna bodies, sometimes known as Gamna-Gandy bodies or Gamna-Gandy nodules, are small yellow-brown, brown, or rust-colored foci found in the spleen in patients with splenomegaly due to portal hypertension, [1] as well as sickle cell disease.
The tingible body macrophages express: tyrosine kinase Mer, the milk fat globule epidermal growth factor 8 and Tim-4, all of which supports the engulfment of the apoptotic cells into the macrophages. Macrophages are also present in the T cell area of the white pulp but their role is less well understood.
The spleen is the largest lymphoid organ in the body but has other functions. [23] It breaks down both red and white blood cells that are spent. This is why it is sometimes known as the 'graveyard of red blood cells'. [23] A product of this digestion is the pigment bilirubin, which is sent to the liver and secreted in the bile.
An image of the spleen in the human body. Also shows the red and white pulp regions. Splenocytes are spleen cells and consist of leukocytes like B and T cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages. [2] The spleen is split into red and white pulp regions with the marginal zone separating the two areas. The red pulp is involved with filtering blood ...
The human hepatic portal system delivers about three-fourths of the blood going to the liver.The final common pathway for transport of venous blood from spleen, pancreas, gallbladder and the abdominal portion of the gastrointestinal tract [2] (with the exception of the inferior part of the anal canal and sigmoid colon) is through the hepatic portal vein.
An accessory spleen is a small nodule of splenic tissue found apart from the main body of the spleen. Accessory spleens are found in approximately 10 percent of the population [ 1 ] and are typically around 1 centimetre in diameter.