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The detailed semantics of "the" ternary operator as well as its syntax differs significantly from language to language. A top level distinction from one language to another is whether the expressions permit side effects (as in most procedural languages) and whether the language provides short-circuit evaluation semantics, whereby only the selected expression is evaluated (most standard ...
A language that supports the statement construct typically has rules for one or more of the following aspects: Statement terminator – marks the end of a statement; Statement separator – demarcates the boundary between two statements; need needed for the last statement; Line continuation – escapes a newline to continue a statement on the ...
Compares two strings to each other. If they are equivalent, a zero is returned. Otherwise, most of these routines will return a positive or negative result corresponding to whether string 1 is lexicographically greater than, or less than, respectively, than string 2. The exceptions are the Scheme and Rexx routines which return the index of the ...
In comparison, Perl/Javascript, which also have the latter property, have other false-like values (0 and empty string), which make || differ from a null-coalescing operator in many more cases (numbers and strings being two of the most frequently used data types). This is what led Perl/Javascript to add a separate operator while Ruby hasn't.
As an example, VBA code written in Microsoft Access can establish references to the Excel, Word and Outlook libraries; this allows creating an application that – for instance – runs a query in Access, exports the results to Excel and analyzes them, and then formats the output as tables in a Word document or sends them as an Outlook email.
A string in JavaScript is a sequence of characters. In JavaScript, strings can be created directly (as literals) by placing the series of characters between double (") or single (') quotes. Such strings must be written on a single line, but may include escaped newline characters (such as \n).
Instead, any value can behave as Boolean in Boolean context (condition of if or while statement, argument of && or ||, etc.). The number 0, the strings "0" and "", the empty list (), and the special value undef evaluate to false. [8] All else evaluates to true. Lua has a Boolean data type, but non-Boolean values can also behave as Booleans.
The eval function takes two optional arguments, global and locals, which allow the programmer to set up a restricted environment for the evaluation of the expression. The exec statement (or the exec function in Python 3.x) executes statements: exec example (interactive shell): >>>