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The Coahuiltecan appeared to be extinct as a people, integrated into the Spanish-speaking mestizo community. In 1827 only four property owners in San Antonio were listed in the census as "Indians." A man identified as a "Mission Indian," probably a Coahuiltecan, fought on the Texan side in the Texas Revolution in 1836.
In 1699, Spanish colonists established the San Juan Bautista Mission in Coahuila to convert Xarame and three other Coahuiltecan bands. [1] After the Spanish established another mission near present-day Eagle Pass, Texas, some Xarame moved there. [1] Others moved to the San Francisco Solano Mission founded in 1700 in Coahuila, Mexico. [1]
In 1699, Spanish colonists founded San Juan Bautista Mission in Coahuila to convert four Coahuiltecan bands, including the Xarame. [1] The Spanish established another mission near present-day Eagle Pass, Texas, and some Xarame moved there. [1] Others moved to the San Francisco Solano Mission in Coahuila founded in 1700. [1]
Coahuiltecan was a proposed language family in John Wesley Powell's 1891 classification of Native American languages. [1] Most linguists now reject the view that the Coahuiltecan peoples of southern Texas and adjacent Mexico spoke a single or related languages. [ 2 ]
(the Mission reportedly owned 1,000 head of cattle, 3,500 sheep and goats, and 100 horses in 1762). Some 265 neophytes resided in adobe huts at the Mission in 1756; by 1790 the native Coahuiltecan people were living in stone quarters, though their number had dropped to 58.
Manaster Ramer (1996) argues Powell's original more narrow Coahuiltecan grouping is sound, renaming it Pakawan in distinction from the later more expanded proposal. [1] This proposal has been challenged by Campbell, [ 2 ] who considers its sound correspondences unsupported and considers that some of the observed similarities between words may ...
At Mission Concepción members of the tribe alternated holding gobernador and alcalde offices with Tacame people. Historians have found records of 23 to 82 Pajalats living at Mission Concepción. By 1791, some Pajalat joined the Nuestra Señora del Refugio Mission in present-day Refugio, Texas .
Later in the 1720s some of the Erviapame moved to Mission San Antonio de Valero. However they often only stayed there a short time and many of them were classed as "runaways" by the Spanish. [ 6 ] Mariano Francisco de los Dolores y Viana starting before 1735 made annual trips to the Rancheria Grande and tried to get the Ervipiame and other ...