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c. 319 – Christianization of Iberia (Georgia) [3] [4] [5] c. 325 – Kingdom of Aksum (Ethiopian Orthodox Church) 337 – Roman Empire (baptism of Constantine I) 361 – Rome returns to paganism under Julian the Apostate; 364 – Rome returns to Christianity, specifically the Arian Church; c. 364 – Vandals (Arian Church)
The idea came about because of the political and ecclesiastical prominence of these five sees, but the concept of their universal and exclusive authority was attached to earlier Hellenistic-Christian ideas of administration. [4] The pentarchy was first legally expressed in the legislation of Emperor Justinian I, particularly in Novella 131. [5]
[272] [note 6] Monasticism was the dominant form of piety, but Christianity permeated daily life for both peasants and elites who identified themselves as Christian while retaining many pre-Christian practices.
1999 Radical orthodoxy Christian theological movement begins, critiquing modern secularism and emphasizing the return to traditional doctrine; similar to the Paleo-orthodoxy Christian theological movement of the late 20th and early 21st centuries, which sees the consensual understanding of the faith among the Church Fathers as the basis of ...
[5] [6] This was part of a gradual split between early Christianity and Judaism, as Christianity became a distinct religion including predominantly Gentile adherence. [5] Jerusalem had an early Christian community, which was led by James the Just, Peter, and John. [7] According to Acts 11:26, Antioch was where the followers were first called ...
Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion, professing that Jesus was raised from the dead and is the Son of God, [7] [8] [9] [note 2] whose coming as the Messiah was prophesied in the Hebrew Bible (called the Old Testament in Christianity) and chronicled in the New Testament.
Nominally "Christian" societies made "Christian" a default label for citizenship or for "people like us". [52] In this context, religious or ethnic minorities can use "Christians" or "you Christians" loosely as a shorthand term for mainstream members of society who do not belong to their group – even in a thoroughly secular (though formerly ...
A Christian council was held at Edessa as early as 197. [150] In 201 the city was devastated by a great flood, and the Christian church was destroyed. [ 151 ] In 232, the Syriac Acts were written supposedly on the event of the relics of the Apostle Thomas being handed to the church in Edessa.