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  2. Volatility (finance) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volatility_(finance)

    This is because when calculating standard deviation (or variance), all differences are squared, so that negative and positive differences are combined into one quantity. Two instruments with different volatilities may have the same expected return, but the instrument with higher volatility will have larger swings in values over a given period ...

  3. Forward volatility - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forward_volatility

    The standard deviation is the square root of the variance. The standard deviation of the continuously compounded returns of a financial instrument is called volatility . The (yearly) volatility in a given asset price or rate over a term that starts from t 0 = 0 {\displaystyle t_{0}=0} corresponds to the spot volatility for that underlying, for ...

  4. Modern portfolio theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_portfolio_theory

    The MPT is a mean-variance theory, and it compares the expected (mean) return of a portfolio with the standard deviation of the same portfolio. The image shows expected return on the vertical axis, and the standard deviation on the horizontal axis (volatility). Volatility is described by standard deviation and it serves as a measure of risk. [7]

  5. Average true range - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Average_true_range

    However the standard procedures used to compute volatility of stock prices, such as the standard deviation of logarithmic price ratios, are not invariant (to addition of a constant). Thus futures traders and analysts typically use one method (ATR) to calculate volatility, while stock traders and analysts typically use standard deviation of log ...

  6. How implied volatility works with options trading

    www.aol.com/finance/implied-volatility-works...

    Calculating fair value: By comparing implied volatility with historical volatility, you can determine whether an option is fairly priced. If IV is significantly higher than HV, it may suggest that ...

  7. Markowitz model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markowitz_model

    σ M = standard deviation of the market portfolio σ P = standard deviation of portfolio (R M – I RF)/σ M is the slope of CML. (R M – I RF) is a measure of the risk premium, or the reward for holding risky portfolio instead of risk-free portfolio. σ M is the risk of the market portfolio. Therefore, the slope measures the reward per unit ...

  8. Bollinger Bands - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bollinger_Bands

    S&P 500 with 20-day, two-standard-deviation Bollinger Bands, %b and bandwidth. Bollinger Bands (/ ˈ b ɒ l ɪ n dʒ ər /) are a type of statistical chart characterizing the prices and volatility over time of a financial instrument or commodity, using a formulaic method propounded by John Bollinger in the 1980s.

  9. Market volatility goes both ways: Chart of the Week

    www.aol.com/finance/market-volatility-goes-both...

    Volatility is up, and the S&P 500 chalked both its best and worst day of the year this past week. And that you can have both in the span of a few days is an important market lesson.