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The term originally referred to the Christian message itself, but it later came to refer to the books in which the message was written. [2] Gospels are a genre of ancient biography in early Christian literature. The New Testament includes four canonical gospels, but there are many gospels not included in the biblical canon. [3]
Like the rest of the New Testament, the four gospels were written in Greek. [56] The Gospel of Mark probably dates from around AD 70, [18] Matthew and Luke around AD 85–90, [19] and John AD 90–110. [20] Despite the traditional ascriptions, all four are anonymous, and none were written by eyewitnesses.
However, most biblical scholars see the gospel account of Mark as having been written first and John's gospel account as having been written last of the four. It is customary to refer to the gospels phrased as "the Gospel of Matthew" or as "Matthew's Gospel", and so on.
The Book of Kells contains the four Gospels of the Christian scriptures written in black, red, purple, and yellow ink in an insular majuscule script, preceded by prefaces, summaries, and concordances of Gospel passages. [37] Today, it consists of 340 vellum leaves, or folios, totalling 680 pages. [38] Almost all folios are numbered at recto ...
1 The Gospels and the Life of Jesus. 2 The Acts of the Apostles. 3 Epistle to the Galatians. 4 Revelation. 5 See also. ... For a list of all events in the life of ...
Page from Codex Sinaiticus with text of Matthew 6:4–32 Alexandrinus – Table of κεφάλαια (table of contents) to the Gospel of Mark. The great uncial codices or four great uncials are the only remaining uncial codices that contain (or originally contained) the entire text of the Bible (Old and New Testament) in Greek.
The Gospel of John, like all the gospels, is anonymous. [14] John 21:22 [15] references a disciple whom Jesus loved and John 21:24–25 [16] says: "This is the disciple who is testifying to these things and has written them, and we know that his testimony is true". [11]
However, in the 19th century, a theory was developed known as Marcan priority, which held that Mark was the first of the four gospels written. [32] In this view, Mark was a source used by both Matthew and Luke, who agree with each other in their sequence of stories and events only when they also agree with Mark. [33]