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  2. Photosynthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthesis

    Cornelis Van Niel made key discoveries explaining the chemistry of photosynthesis. By studying purple sulfur bacteria and green bacteria , he was the first to demonstrate that photosynthesis is a light-dependent redox reaction in which hydrogen reduces (donates its atoms as electrons and protons to) carbon dioxide.

  3. Fractionation of carbon isotopes in oxygenic photosynthesis

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractionation_of_carbon...

    Carbon on Earth naturally occurs in two stable isotopes, with 98.9% in the form of 12 C and 1.1% in 13 C. [1] [8] The ratio between these isotopes varies in biological organisms due to metabolic processes that selectively use one carbon isotope over the other, or "fractionate" carbon through kinetic or thermodynamic effects. [1]

  4. Calvin cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calvin_cycle

    The Calvin cycle, light-independent reactions, bio synthetic phase, dark reactions, or photosynthetic carbon reduction (PCR) cycle [1] of photosynthesis is a series of chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and hydrogen-carrier compounds into glucose. The Calvin cycle is present in all photosynthetic eukaryotes and also many ...

  5. Photosynthetic efficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthetic_efficiency

    The following is a breakdown of the energetics of the photosynthesis process from Photosynthesis by Hall and Rao: [6]. Starting with the solar spectrum falling on a leaf, 47% lost due to photons outside the 400–700 nm active range (chlorophyll uses photons between 400 and 700 nm, extracting the energy of one 700 nm photon from each one)

  6. Biological carbon fixation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_carbon_fixation

    Cyanobacteria such as these carry out photosynthesis.Their emergence foreshadowed the evolution of many photosynthetic plants and oxygenated Earth's atmosphere.. Biological carbon fixation, or сarbon assimilation, is the process by which living organisms convert inorganic carbon (particularly carbon dioxide) to organic compounds.

  7. 50 Science Trivia Questions People Always Get Wrong - AOL

    www.aol.com/50-science-trivia-questions-people...

    The post 50 Science Trivia Questions People Always Get Wrong appeared first on Reader's Digest. If you can answer 50 percent of these science trivia questions correctly, you may be a genius. The ...

  8. 15 books we can't wait to read: Most anticipated releases of 2025

    www.aol.com/15-books-cant-wait-read-140018897.html

    “Sunrise on the Reaping” is the fifth “Hunger Games” installment, revisiting Panem 24 years before the first book's events. The prequel begins on the reaping of the 50th Hunger Games ...

  9. Autotroph - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autotroph

    Photosynthesis is the main means by which plants, algae and many bacteria produce organic compounds and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water (green arrow). An autotroph is an organism that can convert abiotic sources of energy into energy stored in organic compounds , which can be used by other organisms .