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Extremely low frequency (ELF) is the ITU designation [1] for electromagnetic radiation (radio waves) with frequencies from 3 to 30 Hz, and corresponding wavelengths of 100,000 to 10,000 kilometers, respectively.
The electromagnetic spectrum is the full range of electromagnetic radiation, organized by frequency or wavelength. The spectrum is divided into separate bands, with different names for the electromagnetic waves within each band. From low to high frequency these are: radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and ...
The global electromagnetic resonance phenomenon is named after physicist Winfried Otto Schumann who predicted it mathematically in 1952. Schumann resonances are the principal background in the part of the electromagnetic spectrum [2] from 3 Hz through 60 Hz [3] and appear as distinct peaks at extremely low frequencies around 7.83 Hz (fundamental), 14.3, 20.8, 27.3, and 33.8 Hz.
Associations between exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF MF) and various health outcomes have been investigated through a variety of epidemiological studies. A pooled analysis found consistent evidence of an effect of ELF-MF on childhood leukaemia. [23]
Ultra low frequency (ULF) is the ITU designation [1] for the frequency range of electromagnetic waves between 300 hertz and 3 kilohertz, corresponding to wavelengths between 1,000 to 100 km. In magnetosphere science and seismology , alternative definitions are usually given, including ranges from 1 mHz to 100 Hz, [ 2 ] 1 mHz to 1 Hz, [ 3 ] and ...
Low frequency, low intensity, and short duration exposure to electromagnetic radiation is generally considered safe. [17] On the other hand, radiation from other parts of the electromagnetic spectrum , such as ultraviolet light [ 18 ] and gamma rays , [ 19 ] are known to cause significant harm in some circumstances.