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Diagnosis of Roemheld syndrome usually begins with a cardiac workup, as the gastric symptoms may go unnoticed, and the cardiac symptoms are frightening and can be quite severe. After an EKG , Holter monitor , tilt table test , cardiac MRI , cardiac CT , heart catheterization , electrophysiology study , echocardiogram , and extensive blood work ...
Heartburn, also known as pyrosis, cardialgia or acid indigestion, [2] is a burning sensation in the central chest or upper central abdomen. [3] [4] [5] Heartburn is usually due to regurgitation of gastric acid (gastric reflux) into the esophagus. It is the major symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). [6]
Low blood pressure and tachycardia are often seen in shock. Other symptoms depend on the underlying cause. [4] The physiology of obstructive shock is similar to cardiogenic shock. In both types, the heart's output of blood (cardiac output) is decreased. This causes a back-up of blood into the veins entering the right atrium. [3]
Cardiorenal Syndrome is characterized by the dysfunction of both the cardiac and renal systems, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Many patients will have volume overload and therefore may show clinical signs such as jugular venous distension, generalized swelling of the abdomen and/or the lower legs, and difficulty breathing.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is a chronic upper gastrointestinal disease in which stomach content persistently and regularly flows up into the esophagus, resulting in symptoms and/or complications.
Hyponatremia (low serum sodium concentration) is common in heart failure. Vasopressin levels are usually increased, along with renin, angiotensin II, and catecholamines to compensate for reduced circulating volume due to inadequate cardiac output. This leads to increased fluid and sodium retention in the body; the rate of fluid retention is ...
In the emergency department the typical approach to chest pain involves ruling out the most dangerous causes: heart attack, pulmonary embolism, thoracic aortic dissection, esophageal rupture, tension pneumothorax, and cardiac tamponade. By elimination or confirmation of the most serious causes, a diagnosis of the origin of the pain may be made.
Cardiac symptoms of heart failure include chest pain/pressure and palpitations.Common noncardiac signs and symptoms of heart failure include loss of appetite, nausea, weight loss, bloating, fatigue, weakness, low urine output, waking up at night to urinate, and cerebral symptoms of varying severity, ranging from anxiety to memory impairment and confusion.