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Anterior shoulder dislocation while carrying a frail elder. A dislocated shoulder is a condition in which the head of the humerus is detached from the glenoid fossa. [2] Symptoms include shoulder pain and instability. [2] Complications may include a Bankart lesion, Hill-Sachs lesion, rotator cuff tear, or injury to the axillary nerve. [1]
X-ray at right shows same shoulder after reduction and internal rotation, revealing both a Bankart lesion and a Hill-Sachs lesion. Diagnosis can be suspected by history and physical examination which is usually followed by imaging. Because of the mechanism of injury, apprehension of anterior dislocation is common with provocative maneuvers.
A Bankart lesion is a type of shoulder injury that occurs following a dislocated shoulder. [3] It is an injury of the anterior ( inferior ) glenoid labrum of the shoulder. [ 4 ] When this happens, a pocket at the front of the glenoid forms that allows the humeral head to dislocate into it.
Problems seen with a dislocated shoulder are tearing of the ligaments or tendons reinforcing the joint capsule and, less commonly, nerve damage. Doctors usually diagnose a dislocation by a physical examination, but X-rays are taken to confirm the diagnosis and to rule out a related fracture and other complications.
Jobe's test is a physical exam test that is used to detect anterior shoulder instability. It is used to distinguish between anterior instability and primary shoulder impingement. This test should be performed after the Apprehension test. [3] This test was named for Christopher Jobe. [4]
A shoulder examination (or shoulder exam) is a portion of a physical examination used to identify potential pathology involving the shoulder. It should be conducted with both shoulders exposed to assess for asymmetry and muscle wasting.
Anterior shoulder dislocation is the most common type of shoulder dislocation, accounting for at least 90% of shoulder dislocations. [4] [38] Anterior shoulder dislocations have a recurrence rate around 39%, with younger age at initial dislocation, male sex, and joint hyperlaxity being risk factors for increased recurrence. [39] The incidence ...
unstable spinal fracture-dislocation at the thoracolumbar junction: Thoracic Spine Fractures and Dislocations at eMedicine: Hume fracture: A.C. Hume: olecranon fracture with anterior dislocation of radial head: Ronald McRae, Maxx Esser. Practical Fracture Treatment 5th edition, page 187. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2008. ISBN 978-0-443-06876-8 ...