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Loam soils can be classified into more specific subtypes. Some examples are sandy loam, silt loam, clay loam, and silty clay loam. Different soil phases have some variation in characteristics like stoniness and erosion that are too minor to affect native vegetative growth but can be significant for crop cultivation.
A fourth term, loam, is used to describe equal properties of sand, silt, and clay in a soil sample, and lends to the naming of even more classifications, e.g. "clay loam" or "silt loam". Determining soil texture is often aided with the use of a soil texture triangle plot. [5] An example of a soil triangle is found on the right side of the page.
Soil components larger than 2.0 mm (0.079 in) are classed as rock and gravel and are removed before determining the percentages of the remaining components and the textural class of the soil, but are included in the name. For example, a sandy loam soil with 20% gravel would be called gravelly sandy loam.
Water retention curve for a sand (Ss), either silt or clay-loam (Uu), either loam-silt or clay (Lu), and either clay or peat (Tt). Water retention curve is the relationship between the water content, θ, and the soil water potential, ψ.
Ruston fine sandy loam: Texas: 1.9 Glouchester loam: New Jersey: 11.9 Grundy silt loam: Illinois: 26.3 Gleason clay loam: California: 31.6 Susquehanna clay loam: Alabama: 34.3 Davie mucky fine sand: Florida: 100.8 Sands — 1–5 Fine sandy loams — 5–10 Loams and silt loams — 5–15 Clay loams — 15–30 Clays — over 30 Sesquioxides ...
The principal characteristics used to differentiate soil families include texture, mineralogy, pH, permeability, structure, consistency, the locale's precipitation pattern, and soil temperature. For some soils the criteria also specify the percentage of silt, sand and coarse fragments such as gravel, cobbles and rocks.
The Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) is a soil classification system used in engineering and geology to describe the texture and grain size of a soil.The classification system can be applied to most unconsolidated materials, and is represented by a two-letter symbol.
A study of a single winter rye plant grown for four months in one cubic foot (0.0283 cubic meters) of loam soil showed that the plant developed 13,800,000 roots, a total of 620 km in length with 237 square meters in surface area; and 14 billion root hairs of 10,620 km total length and 400 square meters total area; for a total surface area of ...