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Caffeine keeps you awake by blocking adenosine receptors. Each type of adenosine receptor has different functions, although with some overlap. [3] For instance, both A 1 receptors and A 2A play roles in the heart, regulating myocardial oxygen consumption and coronary blood flow, while the A 2A receptor also has broader anti-inflammatory effects throughout the body. [4]
Neurotransmitter receptor – membrane receptor that can be activated by a neurotransmitter. Interactions between neurotransmitters and neurotransmitter receptors can evoke a wide range of differing responses from the cell receiving the signal, including excitation, inhibition, and various types of modulation. Category:Receptors
A 1 receptors are implicated in sleep promotion by inhibiting wake-promoting cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain. [6] A 1 receptors are also present in smooth muscle throughout the vascular system. [7] The adenosine A 1 receptor has been found to be ubiquitous throughout the entire body. [citation needed]
It involves the activation of purinergic receptors in the cell and/or in nearby cells, thereby regulating cellular functions. [ 1 ] It was proposed after Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) was identified in 1970 as the transmitter responsible for non-adrenergic, noncholinergic neurotransmission .
The actions of the A 2A receptor are complicated by the fact that a variety of functional heteromers composed of a mixture of A 2A subunits with subunits from other unrelated G-protein coupled receptors have been found in the brain, adding a further degree of complexity to the role of adenosine in modulation of neuronal activity.
The A 1 receptors couple to G i/o and decrease cAMP levels, while the A 2 adenosine receptors couple to G s, which stimulates adenylate cyclase activity. In addition, A 1 receptors couple to G o , which has been reported to mediate adenosine inhibition of Ca 2+ conductance, whereas A 2B and A 3 receptors also couple to G q and stimulate ...
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136 11541 Ensembl ENSG00000170425 ENSMUSG00000018500 UniProt P29275 Q60614 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000676 NM_007413 RefSeq (protein) NP_000667 NP_031439 Location (UCSC) Chr 17: 15.95 – 15.98 Mb Chr 11: 62.14 – 62.16 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse The adenosine A 2B receptor, also known as ADORA2B, is a G-protein coupled adenosine receptor, and also denotes the human ...