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In quality management, a nonconformity (sometimes referred to as a non conformance or nonconformance or defect) is a deviation from a specification, a standard, or an expectation. Nonconformities or nonconformance can be classified in seriousness multiple ways, though a typical classification scheme may have three to four levels, including ...
A product defect is any characteristic of a product which hinders its usability for the purpose for which it was designed and manufactured. Product defects arise most prominently in legal contexts regarding product safety , where the term is applied to "anything that renders the product not reasonably safe". [ 1 ]
Design defects occur where the product design is inherently dangerous or useless (and hence defective) no matter how carefully manufactured. In other words, the defective product is the same as every other one on the same assembly line because it is exactly what the manufacturer designed and intended to build, but the plaintiff is contending ...
In legal disputes regarding product liability, a consumer-expectations test is used to determine whether the product is negligently manufactured or whether a warning on the product is defective. Under this test, the product is considered defective if a reasonable consumer would find it defective. The test is typically applied to non-complex ...
Quality control separates the act of testing products to uncover defects from the decision to allow or deny product release, which may be determined by fiscal constraints. [6] For contract work, particularly work awarded by government agencies, quality control issues are among the top reasons for not renewing a contract. [7]
This defect prevention aspect of quality assurance differs from the defect detection aspect of quality control and has been referred to as a shift left since it focuses on quality efforts earlier in product development and production (i.e., a shift to the left of a linear process diagram reading left to right) [2] and on avoiding defects in the ...
Suppliers can recognize that quality is an important differentiator between their offerings and those of competitors and endeavor to compete on the quality of their products and the service they offer: thus quality management is focused both on product and service quality and the means to achieve them both.
A product recall usually involves the following steps, which may differ according to local laws: [1] The business gathers information and analyses the problem. The affected products and batches, their locations within the supply chain, and probable causes of the problem are identified. Responsible authorities are informed of the issue and ...